LATHE MACHINE OPERATION - FACING This is an operation of removing metal from the work-face by feeding the tool at right angles to the axis of the work.

PURPOSE OF FACING To have a reference plane to mark and measure the step lengths of work. To have a face at right angle to the axis of the work. To remove the rough surface on the faces of the work and have finished faces instead. To maintain the total length of the work.

PLAIN TURNING Rough turning, using roughing tool or knife tool. Finish turning using a finishing tool.

GROOVING Grooving is the process of turning a grooved form or channel on a cylindrically turned work piece. The shape of the cutting tool and depth to which it is fed determine the shape of the groove.

TYPE OF GROOVES Square grooves Round groove `V`shaped groove

CHAMFERING To remove burrs and sharp edges from the turned components to make their handling safe. To permit for easy assembly of mating components. To provide better appearance.

MATHOD OF CHEFERING Form tool method Filling method Compound slide method

TYPE OF KNURLING Diamond knurling Straight knurling Cross knurling Concave knurling Convex knurling

TYPES OF MANDRELS Expansion mandrel Gang mandrel Stepped mandrel Screw or threaded mandrel Taper shank mandrel Cone mandrel

DRILLING AND BORING Drilling is the operation of originating circular holes. The tool employed for this purpose is a drill. Two different method are employed in a lathe for this operation. Work is clamped in the headstock in a chuck or on the faceplate. The drill is held in the tailstock and fed.