1. Lathe Machines Types of Lathes: Center Lathe Engine Lathe Bench Lathe
Capstan & Turret Lathes
Automatic Lathes
Multi Spindle Lathes
Vertical Turret Lathes
CNC Lathes

2. Kinematic Scheme of Lathe Machine
Speed Gear Box
Headstock
Tool Post
Saddle
Chuck
Tail Stock
Feed rod
Feed Gear Box
Lathe Bed
Lead Screw
Half Nut
Apron
Carriage

3. Lathe Machine – Pulley driven (Light Duty)

4. Lathe – All Geared High Speed Precision

5. Lathe – All geared (X- Y Movements)

6. The machining operations generally carried out in centre lathes are :
• Facing
• Centering
• Rough and finish turning
• Chamfering, shouldering, grooving, recessing etc
• Axial drilling and reaming by holding the cutting tool in the tailstock barrel
• Taper turning by
offsetting the tailstock
swivelling the compound slide
using form tool with taper over short length
using taper turning attachment if available
combining longitudinal feed and cross feed, if feasible.
• Boring (internal turning); straight and taper
• Forming; external and internal
• Cutting helical threads; external and internal
• Parting off
• Knurling

7. A – Turret Locking Handle, B – Turret, C - Capstan Slide, E - Capstan Slide Block, D - Capstan Rest, F - Sliding Bridge

8. The capstan lathe, having a relatively short stroke of the tool head and automatic indexing, results in a rapid presentation of the tools to the work.
The turret lathe, on the other hand, is suitable for long and heavy work, the larger size of machines having a capacity for bar work up to 200 mm diameter X 1500 mm long or for chuck work up to 750 mm diameter. Capstan lathes are limited to a maximum of 300 mm diameter chuck works.
It is clear that turret lathes are larger, in size as compared to capstan lathes. Unlike capstans, the turret and dead stops on turret lathes have to be indexed into position by hand.
Capstan and turret lathes give quite effectively the normal accuracy required for interchangeable mass production. The dimensional accuracy may be within mm for turning and boring and within mm for reaming.

9. A – Headstock, B – Spindle, C - Pilot Bar, D – Tool post, E - Rear Tool post, F - Cross slide, G - Intermediate saddle, H – Turret, I - Turret Clamp Lever, J - Saddle Looking Lever, K - Star Handle for Turret Operation, L - Turret Apron, M - Turret saddle, N - Intermediate saddle Apron, O - Feed Gearbox

10. Mini Turret Lathe

11. Mini Capstan Lathe

12. Mini Capstan Lathe Specs:
Max. Collet Cap (Round): mm
Spindle Bore dia: mm
No.& Range of Speeds: RPM 3/ 650 to 1600, 3/ 650 to 1600
4/560 to 1600, 4/560 to 1600
Length of Bed: mm
Max. Dist. Between Spindle -to Turret Face: mm
Effective Travel of Capstan Slide: mm
Power Required: HP

13. Vertical Turret Lathe – CNC 16’ dia

14. Vertical Turret Lathe – 88” Dia Table (2 Turret heads)

15. Vertical Turret Lathe – CNC 46” dia

16. Multi Spindle Lathe – 6 Spindles
Shimada Machinery Co. Ltd,

17. The other five spindles are used for turning
The 6-Spindle Automatic Lathe uses one spindle for loading and unloading.
The other five spindles are used for turning
The Multi-Spindle Automatic Lathe moves work pieces between 6 or 8 stations (processing locations), with processes such as boring, turning, chamfering, screw cutting, grooving, and drilling conducted at separate stations.
Pos1 loading/unloading requires the most time. This longest position time becomes the cycle time when using a 6 or 8 spindle automatic lathe