Direct & Indirect Speech Command and Request Unit 2 Grammar Direct & Indirect Speech Command and Request

在上一单元中我们学习了直接引语和间接引语的陈述句和疑问句形式。在本单元中我们将继续讲解直接引语和间接引语的用法。

Rewrite the sentences in indirect speech. Tom said, “I don’t like swimming.” Tom said that he didn’t like swimming.

He asked, “Do you like the book Harry Potter?” He asked me whether I like the book Harry Potter.

John said to me, “Please open the window.” John asked me to open the window.

下面的句子都是直接引语为祈使句， 如何把这些句子转化成间接引语呢？ “Make sure the door is open,” the teacher said to me. “Don’t play games in the classroom,” the monitor said to us. “Don’t smoke here, please!” she said.

直接引语为祈使句 直接引语是表示命令、要求、请求的 祈使句的变化。 The hostess said to us, “Please sit down.” The hostess asked us to sit down. 转述这类祈使句时，要将祈使句动词的原形变为带to的不定式，并在不定式的前面根据句子的意思加上tell, ask, order等动词。

2. 如果祈使句为否定式，在不定式的前面 加not。 tell sb. to do sth. tell sb. not to do sth. “Don’t make so much noise in class, boys and girls,” said the teacher. The teacher told the boys and girls not to make so much noise in class.

3. 直接引语是表示建议的祈使句的变动。 He said, “Let’s go to the cinema.” He suggested going to the cinema. He suggested that we should go to the cinema. suggest doing sth. suggest that sb. should do (动词原形) sth. suggest后面不能用不定式suggest to do sth.

Request and command Open your books. command Please open your books. request (polite) Can you open your books please? request (polite) Could/Would you please open your books? request (polite)

Give requests or commands according to the following situations. 1. You want to close the door, but you cannot do it by yourself. How do you do it politely? 2. You are standing in the middle of a train carriage and you need to leave. How do you do politely?

3. A bear is about to approach a boy 3. A bear is about to approach a boy. What do you say to him to make sure that he won’t be hurt? 4. A boss wants the secretary to type a letter for him.What will he do? 5. Your father wants you to turn off the TV. What will he do?

Game Speaking Practice

Rules of the game Step 1, three students make up a group named student A, B and C. Step 2, every group should think of at least 3 commands that your parents, teachers or other elders usually give.

Step 3, student A gives commands Step 3, student A gives commands. Then student B asks student C what student A said. At last, student C should change the request from direct speech into indirect speech. Step 4. Change roles so each person gets the chance to give some commands and turn them into indirect speech.

Example: student A (as a mother): Clean the window. student B: What did your mother tell/ ask us? student C: She asked us to clean the window.

对比下列句子。他们有什么区别呢？ “Open the window,” the teacher said to the students . (command) The teacher told the students to open the window. “Open the window, please,” the teacher said to the students. (request) The teacher asked the students to open the window.

“Don’t open the window,” the teacher said to the students. (command) The teacher told the students not to open the window. “Don’t open the window, please,” the teacher said to the students. (request) The teacher asked the students not to open the window.

Change the requests and the commands into indirect speeches. 1. “Shut up,”she said to him. 2. “Speak louder, please,” he said to her. “Can you speak louder?” he asked her. 3. “Try the lift,” she said to her. She told him to shut up. He asked her to speak louder. She told her to try the lift.

4. “Don’t wait for me,” he said to them. 5. “Stop wasting the time,” she said to him. 6. “Can you tell me a story?” the girl asked her father. He told them not to wait for him. She told him to stop wasting the time. The girl asked her father to tell her a story.

7. “Can you lend me a coat?” he asked me. 8. “Please could you come to the reception desk?” she asked him. He asked me to lend him a coat. He asked me if I could lend him a coat. She asked him to go to the reception desk. She asked him if he could go to the reception desk.

直接引语为感叹句 直引：主语+动词+“感叹句” He said, “What a fine day it is!” He said, “How fine the day is!” 间引：主语+动词+陈述句 He said what a fine day it was. He said how fine the day was. He exclaimed that it was a fine day.

特别提醒 1. 连接感叹句的动词应该是cry 或 exclaim 。 2. 可以仍用what，how 等词，语序 不变，也可以用that 从句，把动词 say 改为cry，shout，exclaim 等。

Change these sentences below into indirect speeches. “Write your names on your papers first,” the teacher said to us. 2. He said, “I haven’t heard from him since May.” The teacher told us to write our names on our papers first. He said that he hadn’t heard from him since May.

3. She said, “Did you see him last night?” 4. He asked me, “Do you study English or French?” 5. “What do you want?” he asked me. She asked me if I had seen him the night before. He asked me whether I studied English or French. He asked me what I wanted.

Fun Time It is said that there are two robots. One is called “slave robot”, who can only hear commands, the other is called “friend robot”, who can only respond to requests. If you give correct requests or commands, they will do whatever you have them do.

Homework Make a dialogue with your partner using requests and commands.

Thank you.