CAD : Sustainable Farming ContractAudrey Boisron & Agnès Ricroch /19 1 The Sustainable Farming Agreement in French: Contrat d’Agriculture Durable CAD Process, actors and scientific content of the CAD implementation image : conseil général of La Manche Audrey Boisron and Agnès Ricroch

CAD : Sustainable Farming ContractAudrey Boisron & Agnès Ricroch /19 2 Plan I. Presentation of the Sustainable Farming Agreement (CAD in French) II. The official process of implementation III. Method: the choice of two measures studied IV. First results of talks & comments

CAD : Sustainable Farming ContractAudrey Boisron & Agnès Ricroch /19 3 I / Presentation of the CAD It is an voluntary agreement between a farmer and the préfet de département valid for 5 years. “It involves more than the application of usual good farming practices.” It relates to a set of pre-established measures chosen by farmer. One measure at least has an environmental purpose. It is validated by the Departemental Commission for Agricultural Policy (in French: CDOA Commission Départementale d'Orientation de l'Agriculture).

CAD : Sustainable Farming ContractAudrey Boisron & Agnès Ricroch /19 4 I.1. Principle and functioning Two kinds of subsidies: 1/ investment and capital expenditure 2/ annual aids to areas in compensation for any losses of income (e.g. due to reduced production) and additional cost brought about environmentally friendly agriculture Departmental average is € for 5 years per agreement but no limit per agreement

CAD : Sustainable Farming ContractAudrey Boisron & Agnès Ricroch /19 5 I.2. Requirements of a measure A series of specifications will determine : (i) the objectives of the agreement (ii) the field of application (iii) the resources to be employed and results to be achieved (iv) the financial contribution (v) the procedures for control and supervision (vi) the nature of any envisaged sanction.

CAD : Sustainable Farming ContractAudrey Boisron & Agnès Ricroch /19 6 II/ Official process of CAD Implementation Instructions of the circular of the Ministry of Agriculture October 30th, 2003

CAD : Sustainable Farming ContractAudrey Boisron & Agnès Ricroch /19 7 National programme Ministry of Agriculture Requirements of environmental measures DEPARTEMENT / Dir. Agriculture REGION / Dir. Agriculture 1 / Regional work group  manages the operational budget  identifies social and economic issues  determines actions financing and possibly additional budget Circular October 30th 2003 Official process from the circular of Directorate-General for Forest and Rural Matters (DGFAR)‏ 4/ Validation of requirements  final validation by the CDOA  publication of the order of the préfet de département 3/  draw up the regional agri- environmental synthesis 2/ Development of propositions  consultation of the local stakeholders  determines territories, issues, selected actions and their requirements  final validation by the Area Commission for Agricultural Policy

CAD : Sustainable Farming ContractAudrey Boisron & Agnès Ricroch /19 8 National level Ministry of Agriculture National environmental measures Articulation for the access to scientific content DEPARTEMENT Dir. Agriculture 1- Consultation with local actors 2- Definition of the territories 3- Choice of the measures 4- Modifications and adaptations REGION Dir. Agriculture 1- consultation with Departmental-Directorates (DDAF) 2- financial management 3- drafting of the regional synthesis Scientific knowledge and other contextual evidences … Scientific knowledge + contextual evidence + local framework of stakeholders Scientific Knowledge + contextual evidence + local framework of administrations (Regional Dir. Ecology)‏ During the second semester of 2003

CAD : Sustainable Farming ContractAudrey Boisron & Agnès Ricroch /19 9 III / The choice of the measures studied

CAD : Sustainable Farming ContractAudrey Boisron & Agnès Ricroch /19 10 One specific measure for each département to examine a local specificity Method: How to chose two measures in a département? social and economic Environmental Quality of water Erosion Biodiversity Landscape Quantity of water One similar measure for the 4 départements ISSUES by checking requirements with two key-words pasture and grassland

CAD : Sustainable Farming ContractAudrey Boisron & Agnès Ricroch /19 11 Two measures studied in the 3 départements « Mizottes » - shorre flood in the «marais poitevin» Fallows Hedges Extensive management of grassland Preservation of marshes Improving the quality of fallows for fauna preservation Restoration of hedges VENDEELOIR- ET -CHERILLE - ET-VILAINE 1 222

CAD : Sustainable Farming ContractAudrey Boisron & Agnès Ricroch /19 12 IV/ First results of the talks in Vendée and Loir-et-Cher

CAD : Sustainable Farming ContractAudrey Boisron & Agnès Ricroch /19 13 Question 16c : Questionnaire 3 (Loir-et-Cher) Départemental Dir. Agri Fallows measure knowledge from Departmental hunters Federation Extensive managements of grassland knowledge from Chamber of agriculture Départemental Commission for Agricultural Policy (CDOA) Farmers Union FDSEA Technical association in charge of financing (ADASEA) Economic training first administrative employ interested in economy and biodiversity REGIONAL Dir. Agri. Other stakeholders TECHNICAL committee of CDOA Chamber of Agri. The Departmental Dir. Agri can modify regional requirements only to make them more restrictive. Person in charge of the CAD implementation

CAD : Sustainable Farming ContractAudrey Boisron & Agnès Ricroch /19 14 Question 16c : Questionnaire 1 (Vendée) Departmental Dir. Agri Academic scientific sources INRA University Conferences working groups Knowledge from associations ADEVE (Environment defence) LPO (Birds protection) Hunter’s federation Association of fishermen Departmental Commission for Agricultural Policy (CDOA) Farmers Union FDSEA ADASEA Chamber of agriculture Luc Guyau Scientific profile interested in nature protection and in scientific research Person in charge of the CAD implementation REGIONAL Dir. Agri. The Departmental Dir. Agri can modify regional requirements only to make them more restrictive.

CAD : Sustainable Farming ContractAudrey Boisron & Agnès Ricroch /19 15 Origins of measures Marsh preservation measure –copying from a previous action “Marais poitevin” written by the regional Dir. Agri of Poitou-Charentes for the 1st agri-environmental measures (1990’s) –further technical points concerning local habitat from NGO’s Fallows & extensive grassland measures –The departmental Dir. Agri (DDAF) made a synthesis of two regional measures –To approach the local farmland’s context (economic) –fallows measure considered more technical points from the hunters association VENDEE LOIR ET CHER

CAD : Sustainable Farming ContractAudrey Boisron & Agnès Ricroch /19 16 Question 31: sources of information for the CAD redaction? 1234 Existent measures (Agri-environmental measures CTE, OLAE, good farming practices (BCAE in French), European directives ●●●○ Unpublished papers/reports ●●●● Expert opinion from outside the working-group => NGO ’ s => scientific organisms ●●●● Documentation or personal accounts of traditional practices in this field ●●●● By phone / By meeting people ●●●● Farmer ’ s magazines publications from local authorities ●●●○ Published popular articles “ by memory ” ●●●○ Published reviews/books/handbooks ●●●○ Electronic / web-based material ○○○○ Published scientific papers ●○○○ Questionnaire n° Sources used Loir et CherVendée

CAD : Sustainable Farming ContractAudrey Boisron & Agnès Ricroch /19 17 Comment 1 In practice, a quite large room to manœuvre : to change the formulation, to look for additional pieces of information, to decide which people can be contacted for the local consultation. though it is not mandatory.

CAD : Sustainable Farming ContractAudrey Boisron & Agnès Ricroch /19 18 Comment 2 The Departmental Dir. Agri can modify regional requirements only to make them more restrictive. A short delay: few months for consultation and approx. one month for redaction. Previous measures are principal sources of the new ones. Few persons are in charge at Departmental level (Dir. Agriculture) The role of the departmental redactor is major, because he is often the only one to decide of sources of scientific knowledge to use.

CAD : Sustainable Farming ContractAudrey Boisron & Agnès Ricroch /19 19 Comment To find relevant information is easy  difficult (10)? To support your decision-making is … quick  time-consuming (10) ? How much published information is available? none  Enough (10) Were you able to identify knowledge gaps that required further research? ●●○● Did you search information enabling you to evaluate the outcome of the measure according to the farm size? ●○○○ Did you identify limits of available scientific information? ●●●● Have you approached any person or organisation with a view to getting the research done? ○○○●  if yes, was this person an expert ? A private consultant ? … ○○○● Has any research subsequently been initiated? ○○○● Loir et CherVendée Questionnaire n° Questions

CAD : Sustainable Farming ContractAudrey Boisron & Agnès Ricroch /19 20 Thank you for your kind attention …