My ABC Book of U.S. History Mallory Kreidler 2 nd

ABOLITIONIST: a person who strongly favors doing away with slavery AMBUSH: a surprise attack ABSTAIN: to not take part in some activity, such as voting ARSENAL: a storage place for weapons and ammunition

BOYCOTT: to refuse to buy items from a particular country BOND: a not issued by the government, which promises to pay off a loan with interest BOUNTY: money given as a reward such as to encourage enlistment in the army BURGESSES: elected representatives to an assembly

CABINET: a group of advisers to the president CALIFORNIOS: Mexicans who lived in California CANAL: an artificial waterway CAPITAL: money for investment

DEBTOR: person or country that owes money DECREE: an order or decision given by one in authority DEMILITARIZE: to remove armed forces from an area DEPRECIATE: to fall in value

EFFIGY: rag figure representing an unpopular individual EMANCIPATE: to free from slavery EMBARGO: an order prohibiting rade with another country EXPORT: to sell goods aboard

FAMINE: an extreme shortage of foodFEDERALISTS: supporters of the constitution FRIGATE: warship FUGITIVE : runaway or trying to runaway

GENOCIDE: the deliberate destruction of a racial, political, or cultural group GLOBAL WARMING: a steady increase in average world tempatures GREENBACK: a piece of U. S. paper money first issued by the North during the civil war. Guerrilla warfare: referring to surprise attacks or raids rather than organized warfare

Hebeas corpus: alegal order for an inquiry to determine whether a person has been lawfully imprisoned HIEROGLYPHICS: an ancient form of writing using symbols and pictures to represent words, sounds, and concepts HOLOCAUST: the name given to the mass slaughter of Jews and other groups by the Nazis during World War 2 HORIZONTAL INTEGRATION: the combining of competing firms into one corporation

IMPORT: to buy goods from foreign markets IMPRESSMENT: forcing people into service as in the navy INTERNET: a world wide linking of computer networks IRONCLAD: armored naval vessel

JOINT OCCUPATION: the possession and settling of an area shared by two or more countries JAMESTOWN: 1 st permanent English settlement in North America Japan: island country in Eastern Asia JUDICIAL REVIEW: the right of the supreme court to determine if a law violates the constitution

Kansas: state in central United States, fighting over slavery issue in 1850s gave territory the Name “Bleeding Kansas” KENTUCKY: border state that sided with the Union during the Civil War Korea: peninsula in eastern Asia between China, Russia, and the sea of Japan, on which are the conteries North Korea and South Korea Kuwait: country of the Middle East in Southwestern Asia between Iraq and Saudi Arabia

Landslide: an overwhelming victory Legislative branch: the branch of government that makes the nation’s laws Literacy: the ability to read and write Lynching: putting to death a person by the Illegal action of a mob

Maize: an early form of corn grown by Native Americans Majority: more than half Mission: religious settlement Mosque: a Muslim house of worship

Nationalism: loyalty to a nation and promotion of its interests above all others Naturalization: to grant full citizenship to a foreigner Neutral: taking no side in a conflict Nullify: to cancel or make ineffective

Offensive: position of attacking or the attack iteself Ordinance: a law or regulation Override: to overturn or defeat, as a bill proposed in Congress Overseer: a person who supervises a large operation or its workers

Partisan: favoring one side of an issue Perjury: lying when one has sworn an oath to tell the truth Petition: a formal request Precedent: a tradition

Radical: extreme Ratify: to give official approval Recruit: to enlist soldiers in the army Repeal: to cancel an act or law

Secede: to leave or withdraw Secession: withdrawal from the Union Sectionalism: loyalty to a region Smuggling: trading illegally with other nations

Tariff: a tax on imports or exports Tejano: a Mexican who claims Texas as his home Toleration: the acceptance of different beliefs Total war: war on all aspects of the enemy’s life

Unalienable right: a right that cannot be surrendered Unconstitutional: not agreeing or consistent with the Constitution Underground Railroad: a system that helped enslaved African Americans follow a network of escape routes out of the South to freedom in the North Utopia: community bases on a vision of a perfect society sought by reformers

Vaquero: Hispanic ranch hand Vertical integration: the combining of companies that supply equipment and services needed for a particular industry Veto: to reject a bill and prevent it from becoming a law Vigilantes: people who take the law into their own hands

War hawks: Republicans during Madison’s presidency who pressed for war with Britian Writ of Assistance: legal document that enabled officers to search homes and warehouses for goods that might be smuggled

XYZ affair: Diplomatic scandal that almost caused another war, this one between the United States and France.

Yankee: Union solider Yellow journalism: a type of sensational, biased, and often false reporting Yeoman: southern owner of a small farm who did not have enslaved people

Zinger, John Paul: he was a writer