The Cold War Asia China & Korea

China Communists and Nationalists unite to defeat Japanese in World War II Communists and Nationalists unite to defeat Japanese in World War II Communists: Mao Zedong Communists: Mao Zedong Nationalists: Chiang Kai-shek Nationalists: Chiang Kai-shek After war, sides continue civil war After war, sides continue civil war 1949: Red Army defeats Nationalists 1949: Red Army defeats Nationalists Chiang Kai-shek and forces flee to Taiwan Chiang Kai-shek and forces flee to Taiwan Communists and Nationalists unite to defeat Japanese in World War II Communists and Nationalists unite to defeat Japanese in World War II Communists: Mao Zedong Communists: Mao Zedong Nationalists: Chiang Kai-shek Nationalists: Chiang Kai-shek After war, sides continue civil war After war, sides continue civil war 1949: Red Army defeats Nationalists 1949: Red Army defeats Nationalists Chiang Kai-shek and forces flee to Taiwan Chiang Kai-shek and forces flee to Taiwan

Consequences World’s most populous nation is now communist World’s most populous nation is now communist Although relationship with USSR is shaky and not always cordial Although relationship with USSR is shaky and not always cordial US and UN recognize Taiwan as the “true” China. US and UN recognize Taiwan as the “true” China. Not changed until 1971 Not changed until 1971 World’s most populous nation is now communist World’s most populous nation is now communist Although relationship with USSR is shaky and not always cordial Although relationship with USSR is shaky and not always cordial US and UN recognize Taiwan as the “true” China. US and UN recognize Taiwan as the “true” China. Not changed until 1971 Not changed until 1971

The Korean War, After WWII, Korea occupied by both USSR (North) and USA (South) After WWII, Korea occupied by both USSR (North) and USA (South) With Chinese & Soviet backing, North invades South With Chinese & Soviet backing, North invades South First outright battle for “containment” First outright battle for “containment” After WWII, Korea occupied by both USSR (North) and USA (South) After WWII, Korea occupied by both USSR (North) and USA (South) With Chinese & Soviet backing, North invades South With Chinese & Soviet backing, North invades South First outright battle for “containment” First outright battle for “containment”

The Korean War, US does not declare war; it is a “police action”; Forces are United Nations US does not declare war; it is a “police action”; Forces are United Nations Fighting advances and retreats across peninsula Fighting advances and retreats across peninsula After UN rescue South, they attack North After UN rescue South, they attack North China intervenes directly China intervenes directly US does not declare war; it is a “police action”; Forces are United Nations US does not declare war; it is a “police action”; Forces are United Nations Fighting advances and retreats across peninsula Fighting advances and retreats across peninsula After UN rescue South, they attack North After UN rescue South, they attack North China intervenes directly China intervenes directly

The Korean War, Gen. Douglas MacArthur, Commander of UN forces Gen. Douglas MacArthur, Commander of UN forces issues ultimatum to Chinese, threatens to take war to China issues ultimatum to Chinese, threatens to take war to China Criticizes Truman; Truman relieves him of duty Criticizes Truman; Truman relieves him of duty Eisenhower becomes President Eisenhower becomes President Negotiates end of war: 38th parallel Negotiates end of war: 38th parallel Gen. Douglas MacArthur, Commander of UN forces Gen. Douglas MacArthur, Commander of UN forces issues ultimatum to Chinese, threatens to take war to China issues ultimatum to Chinese, threatens to take war to China Criticizes Truman; Truman relieves him of duty Criticizes Truman; Truman relieves him of duty Eisenhower becomes President Eisenhower becomes President Negotiates end of war: 38th parallel Negotiates end of war: 38th parallel

Critical Thinking How does the Korean War fit with Kennan’s policy of containment? How does the Korean War fit with Kennan’s policy of containment?