Sami Nevala 11 September 2006 Report of the UNECE Task Force on Measuring Violence against Women ECE/CES/GE.30/2006/6

Sami Nevala 11 September 2006 Objectives of the analysis to take stock of the work undertaken by countries in defining and implementing survey methodology to measure VAW to understand the differences and commonalities between methodologies used in the region identify areas appropriate for standard recommendation on definitions and methodology

Sami Nevala 11 September 2006 Composition of the report 1.Institutional framework 2.Methodology 3.Content 4.Data dissemination

Sami Nevala 11 September % of the reported surveys were conducted by NSOs or government institutions  State-level investment in VAW research

Sami Nevala 11 September 2006 In 68% of cases no plans for future data- collection activities on VAW  Lack of long-term commitment to collect data on VAW …but there are more often plans for repeated data collection when NSOs are involved

Sami Nevala 11 September 2006 Reported challenges: questionnaire construction (24%) definition, design and size of sample (20%) respecting interviewees’ sensitivity (20%) specificity of the topic (12%) non-response (10%) methodology and dissemination (7%)

Sami Nevala 11 September 2006 Lot of variation among surveys in: selection of reference population sample design, sampling techniques, sample size mode of data collection measures taken to improve survey quality (tackling telescoping, quality of fieldwork, interviewer training, non-response)

Sami Nevala 11 September 2006 Types of physical violence Type of violence VAW surveys (15) Victimisation Surveys (8) Other (2) Physical ViolenceN % Pushed, grabbed, shoved13 87%6 75%2 100% Threatened to hit10 67%4 50%2 100% Threw something12 80%5 62%2 100% Slapped12 80%7 87%2 100% Kicked, bit or hit14 93%6 75%2 100% Hit with something14 93%5 62%2 100% Beat up11 73%5 62%2 100% Choked13 87%5 62%2 100% Used or threatened with a gun or knife13 87%6 75%2 100% Other9 60%5 62%2 100%

Sami Nevala 11 September 2006 Types of sexual violence Type of violence VAW Surveys (15) Victimisation Surveys (8) Other (2) Sexual violenceN % Physically forced to have sexual intercourse when she did not want to 14 93%8 100%1 50% Had sexual intercourse when she did want to but she was afraid of what partner might do 4 27%5 62%0 Was forced to do something sexual that she found degrading or humiliating 10 67%2 25%1 50% Other (of which, attempted rape) 9 60% (4) (44%) 7 87% (1) (14%) 0

Sami Nevala 11 September 2006 Less agreement on other items, but overall… Type of violence VAW(15)Victimisation Surveys (8) Other (2) Included at least one indicator of… N % controlling behaviour15 100%4 50%1 (DHS) 50% berating14 93%4 50%1 (DHS) 50% stalking12 80%4 50%0 economic abuse10 67%2 25%1 (DHS) 50%

Sami Nevala 11 September 2006 Consequences Questionnaires (N = 25) N % Severity and impact of violence Injuries2080 Victims use of medical service1872 Victims need to take time off from daily activities1144 Fear of bodily harm or death1352 Use of health and social services, informal supports Victims use of medical service1872 Victims use of social, government services1976 Victims reporting to friends, family1976 Reporting to police and the criminal justice response Victims reporting to the police2184 Charges brought against the offender1456

Sami Nevala 11 September 2006 Data dissemination Micro-data files available for public use in more than half of the cases Survey results are available on the Internet in two-thirds of all surveys