1. Item 3: Violence against women Discussant: Maria Giuseppina Muratore, ISTAT

2. Common attentions and many differences
Good evaluation of population survey as a tool for studying violence
Coordination with policy makers, data users, statistical producers in network with courts, police, health and social systems
Attention to quality
Attention to emotional trauma, awareness of the sensitiveness topic
Attention to data reliability

3. Report of the expert group meeting on violence against women
Focus on qualitative and quantitative aspect
Not only domestic violence
no single question approaches
Attention to minority groups
Population based-survey; helpful in building awareness and developing policies
Collaboration between data producers and users
Importance of the chronicity, duration of violence

4. An interesting way to work on VAW
Towards international standards for data collection and statistics on gender against women
An interesting way to work on VAW
Importance to start from indicators as the first step that determines linkage between evidence base and policy making
What is useful and helpful
How to gain it
Attention to particular population groups
Confidentiality or rapport: which is better
The problem of incidence: the number of times seems not an objective measure, more a calculation ex-post

5. Assessing the prevalence of violence against women in Canada
National statistical agencies, important leadership role, high standards quality, high quality data, a political role of network
Dissemination
Complex methodological and ethical issue (trauma, safety, availability, sensitive, etc)
Behavioural questions
Violence dynamic, reporting, children witness
Module or not
Balance between information in different fields (violence typologies not covered << forced prostitution, trafficking>>, violence details, possibility to reach minority groups) and cost and timeless
To work to reduce non response bias
Selection and training, interviewers support
About call back and the offers of support services

6. Who Multi-country study on Women’s health and domestic violence
A concept of violence as “normal”
Violence in women relationship
Other question to deal with rape
How violence affects health of women and cost of violence at societal level
Attention to selection and training: ethical and safety guidelines
Very interesting the analysis of factors risk – could secondary analysis be realized too?

7. From measuring violence against women to assessing state responses: developing global indicators
Idea of considering not only domestic violence
Difficulties in defining seriousness and frequency
Denunce of a no interest in sexual harassment
Try to think which are the better indicators number to help state in addressing violence
To think in a global way - Relationship between violence study and prevention measures and between violence studies, the victims voice with the police and court system

8. Results of the analysis carried out by ECE Task force on VAW
A good attention to the data quality
National statistical agencies are a guarantee
Heterogeneity and quality
But many aspects have to be improved
Critical aspect:
Lack of attention to interviewers selection
Sample size
could attitude towards violence be measure?
Interview more than one person in a same household could be a risk for abused women
The use of monitoring tools for module survey have to be better developed as they are in dedicated surveys
Attention to length

9. Priorities for future:
Definitions
Indicators
Methodology
Survey design
Sample and reference population

10. Which indicators Unambiguous and easy to interpret
Meaningful and relevant to read reality and to evalute policy
Supported by reliable and robust quantitative data
Available at regular intervals
comparable

11. Two main indicators categories
Extent
Prevalence, incidence??????
severity
Nature of action, Frequency, injuries, physical and mental ???

12. Definitions Which perpetrators?
Un Nations: any act of gender based violevce that results …in physical, sexual and mental harm or suffering to women, including threats of such act, coercion or arbitrary, deprivation of liberty
Domestic violence, sexual assault, physical violence, stalking
Female genital mutilation, forced marriage, dowry deaths, “honour” crimes,
Which typologies?
Physical, sexual and psychological violence,
stalking
Not only domestic violence
Which perpetrators?

13. Questions wording How? Giving attention to the Behaviors
multiple behaviorally specific questions
(otherwise risk of underreporting and misunderstanding)
- More than one screening
(otherwise possible underreporting)
Attention to cultural context and local low system, i.e. rape

14. Methodology: pros e cons
Research design
Survey mode
Time reference period
Age of reference
Interviewer selection
Training
Emotional trauma - safety respondents
Disclosure, Data quality

15. Sample
Sampling frame
Sample size