Only about 1 in 7 in the North belonged to a church –Smaller ratio in the South Anglican Church- –Official religion of VA, MD (as of 1692), Carolinas, GA, and parts of NY –Established the college of William and Mary in 1693 to train ministers –Weakened by lack of Bishops in New World Congregational Church- –Grew out of the Puritan Church –Prominent in New England –Initially all citizens of a community supported church through taxes regardless of faith Eventually non-members exempted from tax Religion in the Colonies

Presbyterian Church- –Closely associated with Congregational Church (both were Calvinists) –Difference was that Presbyterians believed that all Presbyterian churches constituted a unified body Quakers- –Large numbers in PA, NJ, DE, and RI –Believed in “inner light” concept which caused them to Quake during worship –Pacifists who hated New England slave trade; 1 st real abolitionists in colonies Jews –1 st Jews arrived in mid 1600’s; located in RI, NY, PA, MD, and SC –Approximately 1,500 in colonies by mid 1700’s Religion in the Colonies

Presbyterian Church- –Closely associated with Congregational Church (both were Calvinists) –Difference was that Presbyterians believed that all Presbyterian churches constituted a unified body Quakers- –Large numbers in PA, NJ, DE, and RI –Believed in “inner light” concept which caused them to Quake during worship –Pacifists who hated New England slave trade; 1 st real abolitionists in colonies Jews –1 st Jews arrived in mid 1600’s; located in RI, NY, PA, MD, and SC –Approximately 1,500 in colonies by mid 1700’s Religion in the Colonies

Presbyterian Church- –Closely associated with Congregational Church (both were Calvinists) –Difference was that Presbyterians believed that all Presbyterian churches constituted a unified body Quakers- –Large numbers in PA, NJ, DE, and RI –Believed in “inner light” concept which caused them to Quake during worship –Pacifists who hated New England slave trade; 1 st real abolitionists in colonies Jews –1 st Jews arrived in mid 1600’s; located in RI, NY, PA, MD, and SC –Approximately 1,500 in colonies by mid 1700’s Religion in the Colonies

The Great Awakening 1 st mass social movement in American Colonies Primarily in the Southern and middle colonies Religion in America had become more liberal over the decades Great Awakening was a movement back towards a more conservative style of religion

The Great Awakening Arminianism: Directly challenged Calvinism’s predestination doctrine and was supported increasingly by liberal ministers –Stated man is not helpless in achieving salvation; his will can be an effective force in his being saved

The Great Awakening Jonathon Edwards Credited with starting the great awakening in 1734 Very influential theologian and writer Blasted the idea of salvation through free will (arminianism); dependence on –God's grace is paramount Emphasized eternal damnation Style was learned and reasoned; not emotional like other "new lights"

The Great Awakening George Whitefield Englishman who traveled extensively throughout the colonies Gave rousing speeches and drew large crowds Created Methodism in GA and SC Most influential figure in Great Awakening Referred to the Bible

The Great Awakening 1 st mass social movement in American Colonies Primarily in the Southern and middle colonies Religion in America had become more liberal over the decades Great Awakening was a movement back towards a more conservative style of religion