4. THE ENLIGHTENMENT INFLUENCED THE COLONISTS
PHILOSOPHICAL MOVEMENT THROUGHOUT EUROPE IN THE 17TH AND 18TH CENTURIES
EMPHASIS ON REASON AS THE MOST IMPORTANT HUMAN ABILITY
JOHN LOCKE ARGUED THAT PEOPLE POSSESSED NATURAL RIGHTS SUCH AS LIFE, LIBERTY, AND PROPERTY. HE BELIEVED THE PURPOSE OF GOVERNMENT WAS TO PROTECT THOSE RIGHTS.
BARON dE MONTESQUIEU ARGUED AGAINST ABSOLUTE MONARCHY
COLONIAL LEADERS BELIEVED THE BRITISH GOVERNMENT VIOLATED THESE IDEALS AND DISCUSSED STRATEGIES TO OVERCOME THE OPPRESSION OF KING GEORGE III
LOCKE
MONTESQUIEU

7. THE GREAT AWAKENING
The Great Awakening was a spiritual renewal that swept the American Colonies, particularly New England, during the first half of the 18th Century.  It began in England before catching fire across the Atlantic. 
Unlike the somber, largely Puritan spirituality of the early 1700s, the revivalism ushered in by the Awakening brought people back to "spiritual life" as they felt a greater intimacy with God. 

8. INFLUENTIAL MINISTERS
THE GREAT AWAKENING
INFLUENTIAL MINISTERS
RELIGIOUS MOVEMENT THROUGHOUT THE COLONIES IN THE EARLY 1700s. IT WAS BASED ON REVIVALISM WHICH STRESSED INDIVIDUAL RELIGIOUS EXPERIENCE RATHER THAN NEEDING CHURCH LEADERS TO CONNECT WITH GOD
CONTRIBUTED TO A SENSE OF EQUALITY SINCE ALL PEOPLE WERE QUALIFIED TO TAKE AN ACTIVE ROLE IN THE CHURCH
IT IS WIDELY BELIEVED THAT THIS WAS A MAJOR FACTOR WHICH LED TO THE SENSE OF FREEDOM AND INDEPENDENCE UNDERLYING THE AMERICAN REVOLUTION
JONATHON EDWARDS
GEORGE WHITEFIELD

10. RELIGIOUS REVIVAL: THE GREAT AWAKENING
A series of religious revivals aimed at restoring devotion & piety swept through the colonies in the mid the mid-1700s
Fire & Brimstone style of worship; large, emotionally charged crowds
Like the Enlightenment the movement stressed the importance of the individual

12. The Great Awakening
Began in Mass. with Jonathan Edwards (regarded as greatest American theologian)
Rejected salvation by works, affirmed need for complete dependence on grace of God (“Sinners in the Hands of an Angry God”)
Orator George Whitefield followed, touring colonies, led revivals, countless conversions, inspired imitators
Puritan Minster who used raw emotional sermons to reach all classes of colonists
Preached that “good works” and “godly lives” would bring you salvation
Forced to give sermons in open areas (revivals)
Jonathan Edwards
George Whitefield

13. Higher Education
Harvard, 1636—First colonial college; trained candidates for ministry
College of William and Mary, 1694 (Anglican)
Yale, 1701 (Congregational)
Great Awakening influences creation of 5 new colleges in mid-1700s
College of New Jersey (Princeton), 1746 (Presbyterian)
King’s College (Columbia), 1754 (Anglican)
Rhode Island College (Brown), 1764 (Baptist)
Queens College (Rutgers), 1766 (Dutch Reformed)
Dartmouth College, 1769, (Congregational)

14. Impacts The movement brought independence from the clergy.
The movement pushed people to “shop” around for preachers that suited them.
Encouraged a democratic spirit in religion which spilled into government.

15. Outcomes of the Great Awakening
Birth of deep religious convictions in the colonies
New churches built to accommodate new members
Colleges founded to train new ministers
Encouraged ideas of equality and right to challenge authority
Birth of charity and charitable organizations