The Founding of the Middle Colonies (1630-1700)
The Middle Colonies NEW YORK NEW JERSEY PENNSYLVANIA DELAWARE
Introduction to the Middle Colonies
New Netherlands In 1624, Dutch settlers financed by the Dutch West India Company founded the colony of New Netherlands. New Netherlands included the Hudson River Valley, Long Island, and the Delaware River Valley. The Dutch settle the city of New Amsterdam on Manhattan Island ( Present New York City.) To attract more settlers, the Dutch West India Company employed the patroon system in which a person who brought 50 settlers to New Netherlands received a large land grant and other special privileges. Manhattan Island, New Amsterdam New Netherlands
New Netherlands Establish By Dutch
Dutch Claim More Lands Peter Stuyvesant, the Dutch governor, attacked the colony of New Sweden (Fort Christina) on the Delaware River (present Wilmington, Delaware) The Swedes surrendered in 1638. Governor Peter Stuyvesant
New Netherlands Becomes English New York England’s King Charles II (son of Charles I for whom Carolina is named for) decided that his brother, the Duke of York, should drive the Dutch out of New Netherlands. In August, 1664 the Dutch surrendered to the duke’s ships. The colony was renamed New York. It became a proprietary colony under the ownership of the king’s brother. Duke of York King Charles II
New Netherlands Becomes English Controlled New York
New Jersey Named for an island on the English coast. The Duke of York gave New Jersey to two of his friends: George Carteret, John Berkley Settlers were given religious freedom, large land grants, and a representative assembly. Sir George Carteret
New Jersey: A Proprietary Colony
Pennsylvania and Ethnic Diversity Germans also called the “Pennsylvania Dutch” Welsh Scots-Irish- Lowland Scots who migrated to Northern Ireland in the early 1600’s and then to the colonies English Some French
Pennsylvania In 1681 Charles II gave William Penn a large piece of land for English Quakers. Pennsylvania means “Penn’s Woods” in Latin. The city of Philadelphia was founded by the Quakers: “The City of Brotherly Love” William Penn Independence Hall
Quakers in Colonial America? Founded in the mid 1600’s by English preacher George Fox. Also, called “The Society of Friends” Beliefs: No Ministers No Organized Worship “Silence During Worship Service is Practiced” Refer to the Spirit of God as “The Light” Pacifists (Did Not Believe in War) Fair Treatment of the Native Americans Settled in all the colonies, including North Carolina’s central Piedmont and northeast coastal plain Colonial Quaker Meeting Colonial Quaker Meeting House
Founding of the Pennsylvania Colony
Delaware First settled by Swedes at Fort Christina The Swedes built America’s first log constructed homes in Delaware. Originally a part of the Pennsylvania colony