FOUO 1 Combatant Commands and the Unified Command Plan RDML Phil Davidson Deputy Director for Strategic Plans and Policy (J-5) 10 September 2007 FOUO

2 Organization: Combatant Commands Organization: Combatant Commands US Southern Command US Pacific Command US Central Command US Special Operations Command US Northern Command US Strategic Command US European Command US Transportation Command Geographic Commands Command Communication PRESIDENT Gen Renuart ADM Fallon Gen Craddock ADM Keating ADM Stavridis ADM Olson Gen Schwartz Lt Gen Kehler Chairman JCS Chairman JCS SecDef Functional Commands US Joint Forces Command Gen Smith

FOUO 3 DOD is a MATRIX organization that integrates Geographically across functions for joint warfighting Functionally across regions for global effectiveness The keys to matrix organization success are: Clear responsibilities and commensurate authorities (  the UCP) Means to resolve priorities at the “intersections” (  “supported / supporting”) Effective coordination and communication (  SecDef, JS and CC-CC coord) Aligning the Combatant Commands GEOGRAPHICGEOGRAPHIC EUCOM NORTHCOM CENTCOM PACOM SOUTHCOM JFCOMJFCOM STRATCOMSTRATCOM TRANSCOMTRANSCOM SOCOMSOCOM F U N C T I O N A L Though not in UCP, Services are a third dimension of the matrix organization that UCP considers

FOUO 4 Unified Command Plan USC Title 10, Sec 161 directs the Chairman “to periodically review (not less often than every two years) the missions, responsibilities (including geographic boundaries), and force structure of each combatant command; and recommend to the President, through the Secretary of Defense, any changes to such missions, responsibilities, and force structures as may be necessary.” The Unified Command Plan is the vehicle by which this is accomplished

FOUO 5 History Established STRATCOM Established USEUCOM DOD Reorganization Act - SECDEF Direction of CINCs - CINCs Perform Missions Goldwater-Nichols Act 1993 LANTCOM became USACOM Established STRICOM CARIBCOM became SOUTHCOM 1972 STRICOM became REDCOM Established SPACECOM RDJTF under REDCOM RDJTF became CENTCOM Nunn-Cohen Act / SOCOM 1987 Established TRANSCOM National Security Act Service Secretaries become SecDef Executive Agents -- PACOM, EUCOM, LANTCOM, and CARIBCOM with Service Chiefs as JCS Executive Agents USACOM / SOUTHCOM AOR Shift FSU Newly Independent States Assigned 1999 USACOM became JFCOM 2002 Established NORTHCOM and assigned all regions of the globe SPACECOM / STRATCOM merger STRATCOM lead for CWMD/GIG ops TRANSCOM Mob JFP/SOCOM SOF JFP Strategic Air Command established as first combatant command under JCS control 14 Dec 1946 JFCOM purely functional Four new STRATCOM missions 2004 SOCOM lead against terrorists; JFCOM JFP 2006

FOUO 6 Common Combatant Command Responsibilities UCP Missions –Deterring attacks against US –Carrying out assigned missions / conducting military operations –Directing subordinate commands –Maintaining force protection –Certifying readiness to perform as JTF –Providing trained and ready forces –Planning, conducting, assessing security cooperation activities

FOUO 7 UCP Map Geographic Combatant Commands (GCCs) 2006

FOUO 8 Common Geographic Combatant Command Responsibilities UCP Missions –Evacuation / Protection of US citizens –Military representation to national / international agencies –Single POC on military matters within AOR –COCOM of security assistance organizations in time of war –COCOM of US peace or humanitarian relief operations (when directed) –POC for Combating WMD activities and missions in AOR –Force protection for all US military forces in AOR –Recovery of astronauts / space vehicles –Establishing and maintaining a Standing Joint Force Headquarters – Core Element (SJFHQ-CE) “Delineation of general geographic AORs is intended to provide a basis for coordination by Combatant Commanders. These geographic AORs…are not restrictive for accomplishment of assigned missions. Combatant commanders may operate forces wherever required to accomplish their missions.”

FOUO 9 Specific GCC Responsibilities USNORTHCOM –Provide Defense Support to Civil Authorities (DSCA) –Provide assistance to GCCs on consequence management operations in response to chemical, biological, radiological, nuclear and high-yield explosive incidents outside CONUS –Serve as Commander North American Aerospace Defense Command (NORAD) USPACOM –Provide DSCA –Conduct NEO, counter-terrorism planning for diplomatic missions, and force protection in Russian Federation east of 100 o E USSOUTHCOM –Provide DSCA –Defend Panama Canal and Panama Canal area

FOUO 10 Specific Functional Combatant Command (FCC) Responsibilities USFCOM –Serving as Primary Joint Force Provider –Leading Joint Concept Development and Experimentation USSOCOM –Serving as Special Operations Forces Joint Force Provider –Serving as lead for planning, synchronizing, and executing global ops against terrorist networks USTRANSCOM –Serving as the Mobility Joint Force Provider –Serving as Distribution Process Owner

FOUO 11 Specific Functional Combatant Command (FCC) Responsibilities (con’t) STRATCOM –Maintaining primary responsibility for strategic nuclear forces to support nuclear deterrence –Providing integrated global strike planning and C2 –Exercising C2 of selected global strike missions –Developing desired characteristics and capabilities, advocating, planning and conducting space operations –Planning, integrating and coordinating global missile defense –Planning, integrating and coordinating intelligence, surveillance, and reconnaissance in support of global ops –Tasking and coordinating C4ISR capabilities –Integrating and coordinating DOD info ops, computer network attack, computer network defense, electronic warfare, psychological ops, and military deception –Planning, integrating and coordinating DOD global network operations by directing Global Information Grid (GIG) ops and defense –Serving as lead for integrating and synchronizing DOD Combating WMD efforts

FOUO 12 Upcoming Change 2008

FOUO 13AFRICOM “This new command will strengthen our security cooperation with Africa and help to create new opportunities to bolster the capabilities of our partners in Africa. Africa Command will enhance our efforts to help bring peace and security to the people of Africa and promote our common goals of development, health, education, democracy, and economic growth in Africa.” President George Bush February 7, 2007 President Bush directed the establishment of US Africa Command –We are consulting with Congress, the Interagency, and our key friends, partners, and allies –With their help, we are creating a new command that will address the unique challenges and opportunities in Africa

FOUO 14 AFRICOM Tasks Work with African states, regional organizations, and other partners to: – Build Partnership Capacity – Support USG agencies in implementing security policies – Conduct Theater Security Cooperation activities – Increase partner counter-terrorism skills – Enhance humanitarian assistance, disaster mitigation, and response activities – Foster respect for human rights – Support African regional organizations – As directed, conduct military operations

FOUO 15 Questions?

FOUO 16 JFCOM Unique Responsibilities –Leading Joint Concept Development and Experimentation –Serving as lead Joint Force Integrator –Serving as lead agent for Joint Force Training –Leading development of joint readiness standards for staffs and headquarters –Serving as Primary Joint Force Provider

FOUO 17 SOCOM Unique Responsibilities –Serving as Special Operations Forces Joint Force Provider –Training and developing strategy, doctrine, and tactics for SOF –Integrating / coordinating DOD PSYOP capabilities –Serving as lead for planning, synchronizing, and executing global ops against terrorist networks –Exercising command and control of selected special operations missions

FOUO 18 TRANSCOM Unique Responsibilities UCP Missions –Providing transportation, terminal management and aerial refueling to support global deployment of US forces –Serving as the Mobility Joint Force Provider –Providing DOD global patient movement –Serving as Distribution Process Owner

FOUO 19 USEUCOM USCENTCOM USSOUTHCOMUSSOUTHCOM USNORTHCOMUSNORTHCOM USPACOM Proposed Area of Responsibility Draft Pre-decisional Working Papers, not subject to FOIA Requirements Today At Full Operational Capability USEUCOM USCENTCOM USSOUTHCOMUSSOUTHCOM USNORTHCOMUSNORTHCOM USPACOMUSPACOM USAFRICOM

FOUO 20 Organization: Military Departments OSDOSD Secretary of the Army Secretary Secretary of the Air Force Secretary ARMY NAVY MARINES Chief of Naval Operations ADM Mullen Chief of Naval Operations ADM Mullen Chief of Staff of the Army GEN Casey Chief of Staff of the Army GEN Casey Commandant Marine Corps Gen Conway Commandant Marine Corps Gen Conway Secretary of the Navy Secretary AIR FORCE Forces assigned to Combatant Commands and their administration & support Chief of Staff of the Air Force Gen Moseley Chief of Staff of the Air Force Gen Moseley 9 Combatant Commands Secretary of Defense Chairman JCS Gen Pace Chairman JCS Gen Pace Train, Equip, Provide

FOUO 21 Change: Placed entire Aleutian Islands chain in USNORTHCOM AOR USNORTHCOM/USPACOM Boundary Approved boundary change Rationale: Consolidate all responsibilities pertaining to the defense of Alaska under one combatant commander Impact: No change in forces assignment for either USNORTHCOM or USPACOM

FOUO 22 USNORTHCOM/USSOUTHCOM Boundary –i.e., planning/executing operations through the range of military operations (counter-narcotics, NEO, humanitarian relief, etc.) Impact: USSOUTHCOM gained DSCA mission for PR and USVI. Approved boundary change Change: Placed Cuba, The Bahamas, Puerto Rico (PR), US Virgin Islands (USVI) in USSOUTHCOM AOR to consolidate all major offshore islands in single AOR. Rationale: USSOUTHCOM previously responsible for contingency planning, operations, security cooperation, and force protection for The Bahamas and Cuba. Change provides responsibility for “normal operations”:

FOUO 23 Change: Strengthen USTRANSCOM’s role as DPO Goal: Reinforce USTRANSCOM’s authority to synchronize and align DOD-wide end-to-end distribution Rationale: –Further DOD transformation by expanding USTRANSCOM responsibilities from “strategic distribution” to “end-to-end” distribution –Improve strategic and operational responsiveness –Strengthen planning and execution USTRANSCOM Distribution Process Owner (DPO) UCP 2006 Language: USTRANSCOM’s unique responsibilities include: “Serving as the Distribution Process Owner, including: (a) Coordinating and overseeing the DOD distribution system to provide interoperability, synchronization, and alignment of DOD wide, end-to-end distribution. (b) Developing and implementing distribution process improvements that enhance the Defense Logistics and Global Supply Chain Management System.”

FOUO 24 Change: Assigned USSOCOM and USTRANSCOM as Joint Force Providers (JFPs) Goal: Improve the Global Force Management process Rationale: –USSOCOM/USTRANSCOM gain increased visibility and oversight of respective forces –Complements USJFCOM’s role as Primary JFP Joint Force Providers – USSOCOM and USTRANSCOM SOCOM UCP 2006 Language: Unique responsibilities include: “Serving as the Special Operations Forces Joint Force Provider, including: (a) Providing combat-ready special operations forces to other combatant commands when and as directed. (b) Identifying and recommending global joint sourcing solutions, in coordination with the Services and other combatant commanders, from all special operations forces and capabilities. (c) Supervising implementation of sourcing decisions.” TRANSCOM UCP 2006 Language: Unique responsibilities include: “Serving as the Mobility Joint Force Provider, including: (a) Identifying and recommending global joint sourcing solutions, in coordination with the Services and other combatant commanders, from all mobility forces and capabilities to the Chairman. (b) Supervising implementation of sourcing decisions.”

FOUO 25 USSTRATCOM Combating WMD (CbtWMD) Change: Assigned USSTRATCOM as DOD lead for Combating WMD Goal: Align UCP with SecDef January 2005 memo directing USSTRATCOM to lead DOD in combating WMD efforts Rationale: Unify DOD efforts for Combating WMD under single combatant commander UCP 2006 language: Unique responsibilities include: “Serving as lead combatant commander for integrating and synchronizing DOD CbtWMD efforts, including: (a) Planning, integrating and synchronizing DOD CbtWMD efforts with the efforts of other US government agencies, as directed. (b) Integrating USSTRATCOM’s global missions to support combatant command and defense agency efforts in combating WMD. (c) In coordination with USJFCOM, develop and make recommendations to the Chairman regarding joint force integration, exercises and training for CbtWMD. (d) Responsible to the Chairman for identifying and assessing readiness of US capabilities, adequacy of partner capabilities, and capabilities of potential adversaries. (e) In coordination with the Chairman, advocating combating WMD capabilities of all combatant commanders. (f) Supporting geographic combatant commands and USSOCOM for CbtWMD planning and execution. (g) Providing military representation to US national and international agencies for CbtWMD matters related to US and multinational campaigns, as directed. (h) Providing the single military point of contact for CbtWMD in space.”

FOUO 26 USSTRATCOM Global Network Operations(GNO) Change: Assigned DOD Global Network Operations (GNO) as a USSTRATCOM mission area Goal: Place Global Information Grid (GIG) network operations and defense under single commander Rationale: –UCP 2004 addresses Computer Network Attack/Defense (CNA/CND), but not network operations –June 2004 SecDef memo assigns USSTRATCOM authority and responsibility for “global network operations and defense” UCP 2006 Language: Unique responsibilities include: “Planning, integrating and coordinating DOD global network operations by directing Global Information Grid operations and defense and identifying and advocating these desired characteristics and capabilities.”

FOUO 27 Modified USELEMNORAD Language Change: Provide USNORTHCOM authority to use USELEMNORAD forces for non-NORAD unilateral missions. Goal: –Provide CDR USNORTHCOM the ability to rapidly respond to air defense threats and execute air defense missions. Rationale: UCP 2002 established USNORTHCOM. UCP 2004 removed USELEMNORAD as the instrument through which US air defense forces were employed in a unilateral action. However, UCP 2004 did not provide USNORTHCOM with authority to employ US forces in this same type of mission. UCP 2006 Language: “As the senior US officer assigned to NORAD, CDRUSNORTHCOM is designated as CDRUSELEMNORAD. US forces made available for NORAD are assigned or attached to CDRUSELEMNORAD IAW section 162 of title 10 and may be utilized by CDRUSNORTHCOM for US unilateral, non-NORAD operations.”