Telling Your Story Through Media Telling Your Story Through Media

Your Presenter today is: Larry Moore KET Education Consultant, North Central Region Regional Office # (502) Voice Mail: (800) , ext My WikiSpaces Address:

KET Videos that Be Used to Learn Video/ Media Literacy Concepts n KET School Video Project  Making News Quiz:  Liz’s Circus Story  Hollywood Homeroom  Making Grimm Movies  A variety of KET Encyclomedia videos and clips

KET Multimedia Website  KET Video Multimedia Resource Site mm-resources.htm mm-resources.htm

A Good Resource for Video Production Help: KET EncycloMedia AFI’s Lights Camera Education !.44

Important Things To Know about Video 1. TV productions all start as WRITING. 2. All programs are “constructed”. 4. TV producers must decide both the Purpose and Audience for any show they create

Important Things To Know about Video The purposes of TV shows can be to: n persuade viewers to buy products or accept certain ideas n Inform/ teach n entertain n express a point of view

Important Things To Know about Video TV producers “target” certain Audiences when making their shows and ads. They look at the audience’s: n Background n Age n Wants / needs

Video Productions are created in three stages:   Pre-Production   Production   Post - Production

ProductionProduction  Scenes are rehearsed, performed by talent, and taped.  Supporting video (B-roll) is also shot to “cover” audio (the sound) and natural audio is captured. “cover” audio (the sound) and natural audio is captured.  Video/audio clips are logged and labeled logged and labeled

Safety First!  Use a tripod and make sure it is stable  Make sure camera is tight on tripod  Watch out for cables  Don’t point camera at bright light like the sun for long periods  Don’t try and force tape, cables, or attachments into place

The First Rule of Video Production No matter how good your equipment, editing, and graphics… Garbage In! Garbage Out! It takes quality audio/video to make a good production!

Camera Tips  Use a tripod  Place camera so greatest light is at camera person’s back  Use focus and white balance controls  Practice camera moves (blocking)  Frame shots and moves with purpose

Camera Tips (continued)  Vary shots  Don’t overuse zoom  Be sure to lay down pre and post-roll  Correct roll-back (only on tape cameras)

Basic Shots Types Close-up (CU)Wide Shot (WS)Medium Shot (Med)

Telling Your Story With Shots

Shot Purposes  Close-up/Extreme CU shots- “tell” what characters look like, show emotions, point out details  Medium shots- create comfortable “talking” distance  Wide Shots- Show setting or action.  Point of View (POV) shot lets viewer “see” through a character’s eyes “see” through a character’s eyes

Using Angles  Bird’s Eye (High angle) shots make characters or objects look small or weak shots make characters or objects look small or weak  Worm’s Eye (low angle) shots make characters look big or strong

Other Visual Storytelling Tips  High or low angle shots make characters or objects look big/small, weak or strong  Transitions (dissolves, cuts, computer animation) connect shots and control pacing  Zoom – Zooming out or in can be used to guide audience attention throughout a scene  Differential Focus- by changing focus from subjects in foreground to background, one can guide audience attention through a scene

ViewfinderLens Assembly Auto Zoom Control Switch Wide Telephoto Inset Detail Auto/Manual Focus Controls W T Battery Compartment Power/ Record Controls Microphone Playback Controls Diagram of a Typical Camcorder

Viewfinder Lens Assembly Auto Zoom Control Switch Wide Telephoto Inset Detail Auto/Manual Focus Controls W T Battery Compartment Power/ Record Controls Microphone Playback Controls Diagram of a Typical Camcorder

How To Frame A Shot (Subject Facing Camera) Subject can be centered Headroom

How to Frame A Shot (Subject looking to one side) How to Frame A Shot (Subject looking to one side) Headroom Give lead or “ talking” room

How to Frame A Shot Using the Rule of Thirds How to Frame A Shot Using the Rule of Thirds Place most interesting part of subject where lines cross. Notice body and eyes lie along these lines instead of picture’s center

Common Video Mistakes…..  Too much headroom - bad framing  Subject in front of bright backlight  Shaky camera - no tripod  No shot variation - wide shot  Insufficient planning - no script  lack of pre and post roll

Audio Track Parts  Talking  Sound effects  Music  Natural sound

Audio Tips  If possible use headphones to monitor  Select microphones based on project needs  Place microphone right distance from source  When using built-in microphone move closer and zoom out  Listen for distracting background noises

Common Audio Mistakes…..  using only cam mike  mike too far from sound source  not monitoring audio

On-Air Tips for Talent n n Make sure ahead of time that you can read and properly pronounce words (especially people’s names) n n Wait for your cue before speaking n n Smile! (when appropriate)

On-Air Tips for Talent n n When addressing audience, look into camera when speaking as much as possible. Hold referred to objects close to face when possible so it is easy to frame shot “spokesmodel pose” n n Speak clearly, projecting your voice toward the microphone

Advertising Techniques (Production) Close-upMakes product look bigger. AnglesMake product or person look more or less important. LightingMakes product look pretty, scary, exciting, etc. Sound EffectsMake product seem more fun or exciting. Music/jingleSets “mood” and helps you remember product. Makeup/Uses makeup or styling “tricks” to food styling change the look of a person or product

Advertising Techniques (Persuasion Techniques)  Sport or movie star uses product  Using emotions such as fear or humor  Person you want to be like sells product  Bandwagon  Cardstacking  Statistics  Fact vs. Opinion  Public Good  Sense Appeal  Word games (generalities, weasel words)

Pre-Production  Decide on target audience and purpose  Pick and obtain access to locations  Plan and build sets and obtain props  Audition and choose talent  Write scripts /storyboards  Plan for special effects, graphics, and website graphics, and website

Planning Your Production  Two main ways of planning are scripts and storyboards  Scripts take many forms but should have a place for both audio (sound) and video (picture)  Storyboards are really comic strip versions of production where shots are drawn with the audio written as captions underneath

Script Writing Process n Research- This involves not only looking for factual information but possible sources for stills, video segments, audio sources etc. n Content Outline- The framework for the script. which contains all the information the script will have. It's easier to edit, cut, or add to later. The outline is laid out in the sequence of the script. n Treatment- written in story format (in commercial world the treatment is used often to “sell” the production before actual script is written) n 1 st, 2 nd, and final draft process

Script Example Video Video EST. Shot -of school exterior Med. Shot- Student host pointing at building building WS. Shot – Student walks through door door Med. 2 shot- Host and school director CU- Director’s face as he is talking EST. Shot- Scriptwriter’s office with her at her computer Audio Audio V.O- Welcome to the ACME School of Production Let’s go inside and take a tour! Music This is the school’s director, Mr. Doe What are you going to show us today? Well I thought we would start by talking with our scriptwriter, Ms. Smith. Director – Well hello Ms. Smith! We have a visitor with us, Mr. Host

Shot Abbreviations  (ECU) Extreme Close-up Shot  (CU) Close-up Shot  (Med) Medium Shot  (WS) Wide Shot  (POV) Point of View Shot  (EST) Establishing Shot

Sample Storyboard The veterinarian will take a blood sample She will use a special needle to take the sample She will check the sample under a microscope

Interview Tips  Write a focus sentence  Research the subject  Target your audience correctly  Prepare a complete list of questions  Describe the purpose to the subject before the interview

Interview Tips  Don’t interview the subject without the camera before the actual interview  LISTEN  Ask good follow-up questions  Be polite and professional

Interview No-No’s  Yes and no questions  “I see” and “Uh-huh”  Two-part questions  Obvious questions  Questions in poor taste  Questions that have already been answered

When writing for a news broadcast… Some things stay the same You still need to be: n Clear n Fair n Balanced n Interesting Some things change n n Write the way you talk; you are telling a story n n Sesame Street Style – simple, slow easy on the ears n n Short sentences n n Listen to your story as well as watch it. n n Let your pictures tell the story. Avoid talking heads n n Let your subjects provide the drama

Roles in Production  Producer – Oversees project, Guides idea, works with director Guides idea, works with director  Director - Guides actual production (calls the shots!)  Assistant Producer/Assistant Director- finds resources, gets copyright okays, sets schedules, arrange interviews, locations  Talent - On-camera host, anchor, or actor delivers lines, acts in character, follows director’s cues

Roles in Production  Camera person - Operates camera, tells story visually as guided by director  Audio Engineer – Records and manages sound  Scriptwriter – writes scripts & storyboards  Computer Generated Imaging (CGI) Designer- Creates text, still images, and animations for onscreen and web use.  Website Designer- Many programs have websites or are delivered as part of a website.

Dressing for Television  Choose clothes with simple, clean lines  Wear solid colors (blues and teals)  Women should wear make-up that emphasizes eyes and lips and men and women should use powder to avoid “shiny” areas  Avoid white, black, shiny jewelry, and distracting patterns

The “Magic” of TV (Special Effects and Post Production)  Editing  Graphics  Special Effects  Animation  Make-up

Post-ProductionPost-Production  The best pieces of video and audio are picked and put in the right order.  The video pieces are edited together.  Graphics (words on screen) and computer effects are created and edited in.  The audio track is edited (sweetened) with sound effects, music, and natural sounds placed where needed.

Editing: In-Camera/Non-Linear  In-Camera editing: Plan and shoot in order using record/pause feature. Little flexibility for later rearrangement.  Non-Linear: shoot video and then input into computer with non-linear editing software. Video and audio segments represented by icons placed on a desktop timeline in desired order. Segments can easily be rearranged and graphics, transitions, effects integrated to created finished product.

KET’s Flexible Multi-media Instructional Resource!  Provides multi-media learning objects that can be integrated in myriad ways!  Helps address 21 st Century Learning styles of today’s “Digital Natives”  Provides opportunities to address Digital Citizenship related issues

Some Examples of An Original Production Using EncycloMedia Content Here is a short movie created using “MovieMaker” which incorporates original video combined with Encyclomedia clips, and sound effects.

5000 videos- 50,000 video segments (estimated by Jan 2009) 5000 videos- 50,000 video segments (estimated by Jan 2009) 155 of KET’s original programs 155 of KET’s original programs 20,000 digital images 20,000 digital images 400 songs, 3000 sound effects 400 songs, 3000 sound effects 40 historic speeches 40 historic speeches Discovery Atlas Interactive Map Discovery Atlas Interactive Map Some Features Your Familiar With

And Many New Features Coming in ! n Expanded content library n Higher resolution files n More granular search taxonomy n Clip-level standards correlation n Enhanced site administration and user- friendly reporting capabilities n Broadened Student Access n Integrated Student Center

Lets Explore this Exciting Service! Click Here for link to sign-in page

What Can be Used from Encylomedia in Your MovieMaker productions? n Video segments with the Edit icon n Digital Stills n Sound effects n Songs (this are for elementary ages)

Windows MovieMaker Required Equipment: Recommended accessories for camera: Recommended accessories for computer: Required Equipment: Recommended accessories for camera: Recommended accessories for computer: Required Equipment: MiniDV or hard drive digital video camera MiniDV or hard drive digital video camera Computer that supports a digital video connection Computer that supports a digital video connection Microsoft Windows XP with Movie Maker version 2.1 or higher Microsoft Windows XP with Movie Maker version 2.1 or higher i.Link port (also known as FireWire or IEEE 1394) on your i.Link port (also known as FireWire or IEEE 1394) on your computer computer Recommended accessories for computer: hard disk drive hard disk drive DVD burner with writeable DVD media DVD burner with writeable DVD media Headphones Headphones Microphone Microphone

Windows MovieMaker Required Equipment: Recommended accessories for camera: Recommended accessories for computer: Required Equipment: Recommended accessories for camera: Recommended accessories for computer: For taking video from your camera Import video file from EncycloMedia or other source For importing still photos For importing sound files Collections do not store resources just “point” to them Effects change the look of the video, ex. film grain Transitions are digital effects that “connect” segments Titles and credits create print graphics at beginning and end Automatically creates a movie based on the selected clips or collection Automatically creates a movie based on the selected clips or collection.

Using EncycloMedia With PhotoStory The Rock Cycle

Using EncycloMedia Content With VoiceThread

Some KET Resource Integration Sites Missi Baker’s Blog and Wiki Cynthia Warner’s Wiki Larry’s Wiki

CitationsCitations Television Goes to School: The Impact of Video on Student Learning in Formal Education (Jan 2004). Provided by the Education Department Corporation for Public Broadcasting created by EDC’s Center for Children and Technology Rogow, F. R. (1997). Don’t turn off the lights! Tips for classroom use of ITV. Insighters Educational Consulting. Singer, J.L. & Singer, D.G. (1983) Implications of childhood television viewing for cognition, imagination, and emotion. In J. Bryant and D.R. Anderson, (Eds.) (1983). Children’s Understanding of Television: Research on attention and comprehension. New York: Academic Press. Gardner, H. (1999.) Intelligence reframed: Multiple intelligences for the 21st century. New York: Basic Books. Gardner, H. (1993). Multiple intelligences: The theory

Citations Center for International Education/University of Wisconsin- Created: May 17, Updated: Copyright © Robert J. Beck, Ph.D- All rights reserved. Discovery Education for access to KET EncycloMedia clips

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