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C.4.A: Chemical and Physical Properties C.4.B: Intensive versus Extensive

 Matter is anything that has mass and volume.  Properties are characteristics that enable us to distinguish one kind of matter from another.

 A physical property is a characteristic of a substance that can be observed or measured without changing the identity of the substance.  Examples :  Odor  Color  Density - The mass of a substance divided by its volume  Luster - How shiny a substance is.  Malleability - The ability of a substance to be beaten into thin sheets.  Ductility - The ability of a substance to be drawn into thin wires.

 Hardness - How easily a substance can be scratched.  Melting/Freezing Point - The temperature at which the solid and liquid phases of a substance are in equilibrium.  Boiling Point - The temperature at which the vapor pressure of a liquid is equal to the pressure on the liquid  Conductivity - The ability of a substance to allow the flow of energy or electricity. More examples of physical properties

 Chemical property describes the ability of a substance to combine with or change into one or more other substances. Examples:  Reactivity – The ability of a substance to undergo a chemical reaction  Ionization – The ability of a substance to exhibit a positive or negative charge.  Combustibility – The ability for a substance to burn

Identify the following as an example of a physical or chemical property 1. Helium does not react with any other element. Chemical property 1. Diamond dust can be used to cut or grind most other materials Physical Property 1. Potassium metal is kept submerged in oil to prevent contact with oxygen or water. Chemical Property

Two cheese cubes of the same cheese type, on is large. What properties do these cheese cube have in common? What would be different?

 An intensive property is a property of matter that depends only on the type of matter in a sample and not on the amount.  Examples of intensive properties ▪ Temperature ▪ Color ▪ Hardness ▪ melting point ▪ boiling point ▪ pressure ▪ density

 An extensive property is a property that depends on the amount of matter in a sample.  Examples of extensive properties ▪ Mass ▪ Volume ▪ Length

GOLD  Gold is a soft metal  Gold is both malleable and ductile.  Gold is a heavy metal (density 19.3 g cm -3 )  Melting point of °F