Brought to you by CORE – Congress of Racial Equality

Why where the Freedom Rides evidence of a segregated South? The When - The first Freedom Ride took place on May 4, 1961; From Washington DC…destination New Orleans, LA The Who - Seven blacks and six whites left Washington, D.C., on two public buses bound for the Deep South. The Why - Test the Supreme Court's ruling in Boynton v. Virginia (1960), which declared segregation in interstate bus and rail stations unconstitutional AND to test President Kennedy’s commitment to the Civil Rights movement

The How - Interracial group would board buses destined for the South. The whites would sit in the back and the blacks in the front. At rest stops, the whites would go into blacks-only areas and vice versa. The Freedom Ride left Washington DC on May 4, It was scheduled to arrive in New Orleans on May 17, the seventh anniversary of the Brown decision Boynton v. Virginia And Irene Morgan v. The Commonwealth of Virginia

The Where

The Trip - On Mother's Day, May 14, the Freedom Riders split up into two groups to travel through Alabama. The first group was met by a mob of about 200 angry people in Anniston, AL The mob stoned the bus and slashed the tires. The bus managed to get away, but when it stopped about six miles out of town to change the tires, it was firebombed. The other group did not fare any better. It was greeted by a mob in Birmingham, and the Riders were severely beaten.

Photo of Klansmen attacking a Freedom Rider at the Trailways Bus Station in Birmingham. The photo helped identify Klansmen involved in the assault.

"I think it is particularly important at this time when it has become national news that we continue and show that nonviolence can prevail over violence."

Rep. John Lewis Who Am I?

And the journey continues….. Long Story Short – never completed their trip; however, ….. Closure - The Freedom Riders may not have finished their trip, but why was their movement an important and lasting contribution to the civil rights movement?

Lesson Addendum  CSI Case  Primary Sources:  MLK  James Peck  JFK  SNCC  Diane Nash  Montgomery and Alabama Newspaper  Supreme Court Decisions