Folk and Popular Culture What is it? What is it? Where do folk and pop cultures originate? Where do folk and pop cultures originate? Why is folk culture clustered? Why is folk culture clustered? Why is pop culture widely distributed? Why is pop culture widely distributed? Why does globalization of pop culture cause problems? Why does globalization of pop culture cause problems?

First things First: Culture HABIT HABIT A repetitive act performed by an individual. A repetitive act performed by an individual. CUSTOM CUSTOM A repetitive act adopted and performed by a group. A repetitive act adopted and performed by a group. CULTURE CULTURE A collection of customs shared by group. A collection of customs shared by group.

CULTURE DEFINED Culture consists of a peoples Culture consists of a peoples Beliefs Beliefs Institutions Institutions Technology Technology In other words, culture consists In other words, culture consists of of Artifacts Artifacts Language Language Religion Religion Food Food

Evidence of Culture Material Culture—encompasses anything that can be seen on the landscape, touched or picked up such as houses, furniture, or musical instruments Material Culture—encompasses anything that can be seen on the landscape, touched or picked up such as houses, furniture, or musical instruments Nonmaterial culture—anything that makes up culture that cannot be touched, such as language, religion, philosophies, folklore and superstition. Nonmaterial culture—anything that makes up culture that cannot be touched, such as language, religion, philosophies, folklore and superstition.

If this is the material culture what is the nonmaterial culture?

What is folk culture exactly? The practice of a custom by a relatively small group of people in a focused area The practice of a custom by a relatively small group of people in a focused area Traditionally practiced by small, homogeneous groups living in isolated rural areas Traditionally practiced by small, homogeneous groups living in isolated rural areas Passed by oral tradition from generation to generation Passed by oral tradition from generation to generation

What the heck is popular culture? Is the practice of customs that span several different cultures and may even have a global focus Is the practice of customs that span several different cultures and may even have a global focus Found in large heterogeneous societies that share certain habits despite differences in other personal characteristics Found in large heterogeneous societies that share certain habits despite differences in other personal characteristics

Origin and Diffusion of Folk Culture Often folk customs have anonymous hearths Often folk customs have anonymous hearths Difficult to trace origination and dates Difficult to trace origination and dates Sometimes they may have many hearths, originating independently in different locations Sometimes they may have many hearths, originating independently in different locations Most often they are diffused through relocation diffusion Most often they are diffused through relocation diffusion

ORIGIN OF FOLK MUSIC Folk songs are usually composed anonymously and transmitted orally Folk songs are usually composed anonymously and transmitted orally May change from generation to generation May change from generation to generation Talks about daily activities, farming, life-cycle events or mysterious events Talks about daily activities, farming, life-cycle events or mysterious events fw fw fw fw 2M 2M 2M 2M

Origin and Diffusion of Popular culture Pop culture is often a product of an MDC, most likely, Western Europe, the US or Japan. Pop culture is often a product of an MDC, most likely, Western Europe, the US or Japan. The spread of popular culture usually happens through…. The spread of popular culture usually happens through…. hierarchical diffusion. hierarchical diffusion.

ORIGIN OF POPULAR MUSIC Pop music is written by specific people for the purpose of money makin’. Pop music is written by specific people for the purpose of money makin’. It is usually “produced”. It is usually “produced”. As we know it today, it originated in an area called Tin Pan Alley in NYC. As we know it today, it originated in an area called Tin Pan Alley in NYC. Most popular musical entertainment was “music hall” in the UK and “vaudeville” in the US Most popular musical entertainment was “music hall” in the UK and “vaudeville” in the US Originally tried to sell songsheets Originally tried to sell songsheets

WWII Tin Pan Alley disappeared Tin Pan Alley disappeared Armed Forces Radio Network Armed Forces Radio Network

Originated in the 70’s in the South Bronx Originated in the 70’s in the South Bronx Rappers modified it in other areas of NYC— Queens, Brooklyn and Harlem (thug) Rappers modified it in other areas of NYC— Queens, Brooklyn and Harlem (thug) In 80s spread to Oakland and Atlanta and then to other large cities In 80s spread to Oakland and Atlanta and then to other large cities Makes local references but has diffused globally. Makes local references but has diffused globally

Amish Origins In the 1600s Swiss Mennonite Bishop gathered followers who became known as the Amish In the 1600s Swiss Mennonite Bishop gathered followers who became known as the Amish Originated in Bern, Switzerland, Alsace in NE France and Palatinate region of SW Germany Originated in Bern, Switzerland, Alsace in NE France and Palatinate region of SW Germany Migrated to US for promise of cheap land Migrated to US for promise of cheap land From the core areas of Pennsylvania, Ohio, Illinois and Iowa, the Amish migrated to other areas where land was inexpensive. From the core areas of Pennsylvania, Ohio, Illinois and Iowa, the Amish migrated to other areas where land was inexpensive.

Around 80,000 Amish in the US

Football!!!! Or soccer

Folk culture origin Between —”Kick the Dane’s Head!” Between —”Kick the Dane’s Head!” Inflated cow bladder Inflated cow bladder Mob scene Mob scene 12 th century—standardized rules 12 th century—standardized rules King Henry II banned it in late 12 th century King Henry II banned it in late 12 th century King James I legalized it in 1603 King James I legalized it in 1603

Popular sport transition began in early 1800s Popular sport transition began in early 1800s Recreation clubs Recreation clubs An association formed in 1863 An association formed in 1863 Football Association—assoc—soccer Football Association—assoc—soccer First played in continental Europe by Dutch students who had been in Britain—late 1870’s First played in continental Europe by Dutch students who had been in Britain—late 1870’s Spain—English engineers working in Bilboa in 1893 Spain—English engineers working in Bilboa in 1893 Russian—English textile manager organized and team in 1887 Russian—English textile manager organized and team in 1887

Soccer in the US Popularity? Popularity? First game between Princeton and Rutgers First game between Princeton and Rutgers 4 years later several colleges met 4 years later several colleges met Harvard wanted Rugby Harvard wanted Rugby V5CMK3A V5CMK3A V5CMK3A V5CMK3A