Brazil and Latin America By Makayla Dawson P1 11/22/13- 12/2/13

Facts About Brazil  Brazil was a Portuguese colony from 1500 to 1822  The main religion for Brazil is Catholic  Has the largest Japanese population out side of Japan itself  20% of Brazil is Protestant  The capital of Brazil is Brasília  Brazil is the largest country in South America

Early Natives and Colonists When the first colonist first came to Brazil in the early 1500s there were around one to five million native peoples divided into hundreds of tribes and language groups. The colonist hoped to find precious metals like gold and silver and were disappointed when they didn’t find either. So they cleared out huge areas of forest to make sugar plantations. Since the need for sugar was so great the plantations became a great source of wealth for Brazil and Portugal.

Early Natives and Colonists The colonist mainly put their settlements along the cost since the forest were so dense and hard to farm and establish sugar plantations. As the colonist began to expand west they subsequently displaced many of the native Indians from their homes and forced them work for the sugar plantations as a source of cheap labor. Many of the Indians died from diseases the colonist brought from Europe that their bodies were not used to. So to replace the natives that died they bought African slaves. This is why in Brazil today they are mixed European, African, and Native ancestry.

Royal Escape In 1807 Napoleon's armies invaded Portugal. While the French army came closer to the capital of Lisbon the royal family boarded ships to avoid capture. They brought along valuables like the royal treasury with them and sailed to their largest colony Brazil. For the next 14 years Brazil was the head of the Portuguese empire.

Brazil’s Independence After Napoleon’s army was defeated in 1815 many people wanted Brazil to be an independent country. However Portugal still wanted Brazil to remain a colony. So thousands of them signed petitions asking the son’s king Dom Pedro to rule over Brazil as an independent country. He agreed and on September 1822 after almost 322 years of being a colony it was finally independent.

Vocabulary  Treaty of Tordesillas- Was an agreement of fairly dividing South America between Spain and Portugal in This resulted in Portugal getting control of what is now Brazil.  Carnival- Is a huge festival in Rio de Janeiro were people dress in costumes, ride in floats through streets, and play music like the Sumba

Vocabulary  Samba- Is music that carnivals take place to which is a Brazilian dance with strong African influences.  Capoeira- Is a martial art and dance that develop in Brazil with African influences.

Vocabulary Biodiversity- Different plants and animals species in an area. Deforestation- Cutting and clearing down trees. Global Warming- a gradual increase in the overall temperature of the earth's atmosphere generally attributed to the greenhouse effect caused by increased levels of carbon dioxide, chlorofluorocarbons, and other pollutants.

Vocabulary Dept-for-Nature-Swap- Countries loss part of there debt to some countries if they protect forest life. Oligarchy- Government of the few were there are no or censored rights. Junta- When a government can’t control it’s people the government will step in and form a new government ruled by generals.

Vocabulary Caudillo- A military dictator who were supported by the military and sometimes elected by the people. Land Reform- Breaking up large landholdings and giving parts of the land to poor peasants farmers.

Questions 1. Carnivals in Rio take place to what music? a. Rap b. Samba c. Capoeira 2. Blank is a type of martial art/ dance. a. Capoeira b. Samba c. Karate

Questions 3. A caudillo is a type of what dictator. a. military b. royal c. theocracy (were God is said to be in charge) 4. Caudillos are supported by… a. the church b. royal guard c. military

Questions 1. Date Treaty of Tordesillas signed 2. Oligarchy 3. Dance with strong African influences 4. Caudillo 5. Capital of Brazil 6. How long was Brazil a Portuguese colony a b. Sumba c. Brasília d. Government with few or censored rights e. 223 f. 322 g. Government of the few h. Rio de Janeiro i. Military dictator sometimes elected by the people

Questions 6. Dom Pedro was asked to rule over Brazil as an independent country True False 7. Neponis army invaded Portugal in True False

Questions 8. What is Brazils main religion? 9. 20% of Brazil is this religion.

Questions 10. What did the Portuguese settlers force the native Indians to do for them.

Answers 1. B 2. A 3. A 4. C 5. … 6. True 7. False 8. Caltholic 9. Protestant 10. Work on their sugar plantations

Questions 1. Date Treaty of Tordesillas signed 2. Oligarchy 3. Dance with strong African influences 4. Caudillo 5. Capital of Brazil 6. How long was Brazil a Portuguese colony a b. Sumba c. Brasília d. Government with few or censored rights/Government of the few f. 322 g. Rio de Janeiro h. Military dictator sometimes elected by the people