Day 1 Chapter 7 “A Leader is someone who sets noble objectives and pursues them with such intensity that others follow” Anon EQ: Who was Phillip II and why did he attack England? Hapsburg Handout P. 8 Latitude and Longitude Intro Pirate activity: Choose historical Pirate for short Report

Absolutism in Europe 1550 - 1775

The beginnings Huguenots Edict of Nantes French Protestants who were influenced by John Calvin Edict of Nantes Henry of Navarre or Henry IV declared Catholicism the official religion of France. He also said Huguenots had the right to worship freely and hold political office

Phillip II’ s Spanish Empire The king of Spain during the height of the Spanish Empire ( -1598) He was also a very devout Catholic, and was called “The Most Catholic King”.

The defeat of the Spanish Armada. 1588 Phillip II sent The Spanish Armada to England for three reasons. To get revenge for the sponsoring of pirates’ raids on Spanish ships England was a protestant nation. Phillip wanted to bring them back into the church. To maintain Spain’s status as the dominant power in Europe. Spain’s bigger ships couldn’t navigate well in the narrow English channel The armada got caught in a bad storm on the way back to Spain. The storm almost destroyed all of the remaining ships.

The Defeat of the Spanish Cont.

Day 2 Since a person uses about the same amount of energy walking 2 miles as they would running 2 miles would a person use the same amount of energy or more energy running 10 minutes rather than walking 10 minutes?? EQ: What are Pirates? What type lifestyle did they live? Pirate Activity: Design a pirate flag Read A Pirate’s Life Web Diagram Short Report on a historical pirate

Day 3 “Pay everyone what you owe him: if you owe taxes, pay taxes; if money then money; if respect, then respect; if honor then honor” Romans 13:7 – Paul of the New Testament EQ: Who were the two sides fighting in the English Civil War? What were they fighting for? Peter the Great Movie (45 minutes)

The Thirty Years War What was the thirty years war? A conflict over religion, territory, and power among European ruling families from 1618-1648 Mostly Catholic vs. Protestant in Central Europe. (France and Germany) The peace of Westphalia Ended the thirty years war Weakened the Habsburg states (Spain and Austria) Strengthen France (gained German territory) German prince’s independent of Holy Roman Empire Ended Religious wars in Europe Introduced new method of peace negotiations Marked the beginning of the modern state system

Changes of Territory at Westphalia

Divine Right Divine Right of Kings The belief that God gives the monarchy the authority to rule. And that it acted as God’s representative on earth.

The English Civil War Cavaliers / Roundheads Oliver Cromwell Two opposing sides in the English Civil War. Cavaliers supported the King Roundheads supported Parliament Oliver Cromwell The military leader of the Roundheads Later became the military dictator of England. Roundheads won the war… They captured the King and executed him.

Major Battles of The English Civil War

English Civil War Continued What was the significance of King Charles being executed? It Warned other monarchy’s around Europe that they needed to take care of the common people The Restoration of the monarchy The restoring of the Monarchy after Cromwell’s death in 1658 Charles II son of beheaded Charles I became new King

Glorious Revolution? Refers to the Bloodless overthrow of King James II in 1688. Why? James was a catholic and parliament was scared of having a long line of Catholic Kings. (Mary was protestant) William of Orange and Mary, who was James’ daughter took over the throne of England. They proclaimed England a Constitutional Monarchy - A system of govt. where laws (constitution) limit the King’s authority - and signed The English Bill of Rights

William and Mary

Day 4 Every Man dies, but not every man truly lives. EQ: Braveheart (William Wallace) EQ: Why were Louis XIV and Peter the Great good examples of absolutism? How were these two kings similar? Different? Venn Diagram of Peter and Louis Sun King Handout

Absolutism Absolutism - A system of government where the ruler has complete control of his country Ex: Louis XIV, Peter the Great,

French Absolutism Louis XIV. Cardinal Richelieu King of France from 1642- 1715 The most powerful ruler in the Country’s history. Known as the “Sun King” and the “Boy King” became king when he was 4 yrs old. Cardinal Richelieu One of Louis’ main advisors. Took on much of the responsibility of the govt., while Louis was still a boy.

The Palace at Versailles

Russian Absolutism Czar Peter the Great A Russian King. From the word Caesar Peter the Great Czar of Russia from 1689 – 1725. Modernized and Reformed Russia in to a European Power.

St. Petersburg St. Petersburg Port City built on the Baltic by Peter the Great. Served as the capital city of Russia till 1917.

Ruling Families of Europe Bourbons – France Stuarts - England Hapsburgs - Austria. In the past had also controlled Spain and the Netherlands. Romanov’s - Russia Hohenzollerns - Prussia

European Culture Shakespeare Thomas Hobbes Considered to be the greatest English writer of all time. Wrote Romeo & Juliet, Julius Ceasar, Hamlet, Mac Beth, Midsummer’s nights dream Thomas Hobbes Political writer who wrote Leviathan. The book was written in favor of monarchs, saying they were necessary to maintain social order.

European Culture Cont. John Locke and natural rights Cervantes Political writer who said all people have basic, natural rights. Those rights were life liberty and property. Cervantes Considered the greatest Spanish writer of all time Wrote Don Quixote

Day 5 DQ: EQ: Key Concept Word Scramble Review Essential Questions What is the most important thing that you have done in your lifetime? What is your key value in life? EQ: How did the 5 major powers come to Dominate Europe? Key Concept Word Scramble Review Essential Questions Ch. 7 Test Ch. 8 Overview

Review Concept Word Scramble After the age of exploration, 5 countries dominated European politics England, France, Austria, Prussia, Russia How did these countries come to Dominate Europe? USOBALET YMNRCOAH ____________________________________ Unlimited power in the hands of the King and his advisors. The ruler’s power was not limited by having to consult with nobles, common people, or their representatives. EIIVND TRHIG ______________________________ The political idea that monarchs receive their power directly from god and are responsible only to God for their actions. This allowed monarchs to go unchallenged by their subjects. EBAALNC FO RWEPO _______________________ Each nation helps to keep peace and order by maintaining power that is equal to rival nations. YDNYAST ___________________________ This is a family that governs a country based on the idea of divine right passed down from one generation to the next.