Quiz 7 Review Industrialization, Big Business, & The Wild West

What enabled American industrial growth of the late 1800s?

technological advances (what are some examples?)

How did the government contribute to the building of the transcontinental railroad?

By awarding loans and land grants to private companies to build the railroad.

What inventions revolutionized American communications in the late 1800s?

the telegraph and telephone

Critics of powerful industrialists referred to them as:

Robber barrons

What was the goal of the Sherman Antitrust Act?

To promote fair industrial competition.

How did industrial growth affect the distribution of wealth in the United States?

The income gap between farmers and factory workers widened.

How did the government respond to the Pullman Strike?

using federal troops to control the workers.

What was one of Thomas Edison’s major accomplishments?

He helped make electricity more widely available.

What did Alexander Graham Bell’s company do?

Built long-distance telephone lines.

What types of things were Americans able to build using the Bessemer process?

Skyscrapers, larger bridges like the Brooklyn Bridge

How did Andrew Carnegie gain control of the steel industry?

by practicing vertical consolidation

How did John D. Rockefeller gain control of the oil industry?

He formed a trust.

What happened at the Massacre at Wounded Knee?

American soldiers killed more than 200 unarmed Sioux.

What did the experiences of Chief Joseph and the Nez Percé illustrate?

violent conflicts arose among settlers, the federal government, and Native Americans.

What drew many new immigrants to the West?

d. cheap land and new jobs

What happened to Native American nations as many American settlers moved west in search of land?

They were weakened or destroyed.

How did the United States government interfere with Native Americans in the West?

They forcibly took Native American lands.

What technological innovation contributed to the cattle ranching boom?

expansion of the railroads

Whose interests did most American presidents protect in the late 1880s?

Those of business and industry.

A ______________ is a business arrangement under which a number of companies unite into one system. Trusts destroyed competition and created _____________ (a market in which there is only one supplier of a product and no market competition.)

Trust / monopoly