U.S. History Monday, , Wednesday, , and Thursday, The U.S. Constitution The Constitutional Convention 55 Delegates Most all were upper class men – all were strong federalists/nationalists George Washington elected chairman Sessions were held in complete secrecy

U.S. History Monday, The U.S. Constitution The Constitutional Convention James Madison – “Father of the Constitution” National Principle: National government should be more powerful than the states Separation of Powers Articles were scrapped, going against congress In effect, the government was peacefully overthrown

U.S. History Monday, The U.S. Constitution The issue of Representation in Congress Large State Plan (Virginia Plan) Small State Plan (New Jersey Plan) The “Great Compromise” (Connecticut Compromise)

U.S. History Monday, The U.S. Constitution A strong Executive branch was created Military commander in chief Wide authority to appoint officials Veto power Electoral college

U.S. History Monday, The U.S. Constitution North/South Issues Slavery – “Three-fifths” Compromise African slave trade would come to an end Fugitive Slave Law Commerce Compromises

U.S. History Monday, The U.S. Constitution Checks and Balances / Separation of Powers Three Branches: Executive, Legislative, Judicial The “Elastic Clause” (Article I, Section 8, Par. 18)

U.S. History Monday, The U.S. Constitution The “Elastic Clause” (Article I, Section 8, Par. 18) “To make all Laws which shall be necessary and proper for carrying into Execution the foregoing Powers, and all other Powers vested by this Constitution in the Government of the United States, or in any Department or Officer thereof.”

U.S. History Monday, The U.S. Constitution No members left the convention completely satisfied No Bill of Rights ** Delegates believed that they had reached a fragile consensus that could collapse if new revisions were to be considered

U.S. History Monday, The U.S. Constitution Ratification would require 9 states The major issue: Federalists v. Antifederalists

U.S. History Monday, The U.S. Constitution Preamble We the People of the United States, in Order to form a more perfect Union, establish Justice, insure domestic Tranquility, provide for the common defense, promote the general Welfare, and secure the Blessings of Liberty to ourselves and our Posterity, do ordain and establish this Constitution for the United States of America.

U.S. History Monday, The U.S. Constitution For Wednesday: 5 Extra Credit Points on Nine Weeks Grade… 2 more if you recite the Preamble aloud to the class Memorize the Preamble – Memory Quiz first thing on Wednesday

U.S. History Monday, We the People of the United States, in Order to: form a more perfect Union, establish Justice, insure domestic Tranquility, provide for the common defense, promote the general Welfare, and secure the Blessings of Liberty to ourselves and our Posterity, do ordain and establish this Constitution for the United States of America.

U.S. History Wednesday, The Preamble Take out a sheet of paper, put everything else away, and write The Preamble to the U.S. Constitution

U.S. History Wednesday, The Preamble Recitations??

U.S. History Wednesday, Practice Test Chap. 9

U.S. History Wednesday, Practice Test Chap. 9 (For those not in class, here are the answers to for True/False and Multiple Choice) Part A 1. T 2. T 3. F 4. T 5. F 6. T 7. F 8. T 9. F 10. T 11. F 12. F 13. T 14. F 15. T Part B 1. c 2. c 3. c 4. b 5. a 6. c 7. b 8. a 9. b 10. c 11. b 12. d 13. d 14. c 15. b

U.S. History Thursday, The Preamble Recitations??

U.S. History Thursday, The New Government First Presidential elections – January 1789 First Congress of electors - March 4 in NYC George Washington was elected unanimously to be President; John Adams chosen to be Vice-President

U.S. History Thursday, The New Government Early Tasks: 1.Bill of Rights 2.Federal Judiciary Act (September 1789) 3.Financing the new government – Bank of the U.S.

U.S. History Thursday, The New Government Growth of Political Parties Federalists Anti-federalists (Republican, Democrat-Republicans) Controversies over Foreign Policy – Fostered Party Growth

U.S. History Thursday, The New Government Washington’s Administration – Federalist The president organizes the government, establishes the cabinet, and holds regular meetings Was pressed into a second administration

U.S. History Thursday, The New Government Washington’s 2 nd Administration Neutrality Proclamation Genet Affair 11 th Amendment Neutrality Act

U.S. History Thursday, The New Government Washington’s 2 nd Administration Whiskey Rebellion Jay’s Treaty Treaty of San Lorenzo / Pinckney’s Treaty Cabinet Reorganization Naturalization Act