1. Madison’s attempts at US Neutrality CausesCauses of War of 1812 Impressment War Hawks Tecumseh Defend American neutrality 2.2 nd War of Independence: vs. Great Britain Mr. Madison’s War---War of 1812 Misc. Information and lst’s War strategy Francis Scott Key = “National Anthem” British burn White House War heroes William Henry Harrison Andrew Jackson Battle of New Orleans Madnotes1

3. Outcomes: War----a stalemate Treaty of Ghent Hartford Convention War’s Legacy US defends it’s neutrality Respect from Europe 4. President James Monroe, 1817 to 1825 Era of Good Feelings Monroe Doctrine Madnotes2

Born in Virginia, 1751 Enlisted in Continental Army but too small Attended Princeton University and became a lawyer. Father of the Constitution and Bill of Rights. Secretary of State during Jefferson’s Presidency President, 1809 to 1817 Most known for defending US Neutrality during the War of Born in Virginia, 1751 Enlisted in Continental Army but too small Attended Princeton University and became a lawyer. Father of the Constitution and Bill of Rights. Secretary of State during Jefferson’s Presidency President, 1809 to 1817 Most known for defending US Neutrality during the War of madwar President James Madison

NEXT War breaks out again between the United States and Britain in 1812.

 England closed ports under French control to foreign shipping (incl. US), seized US ships & impressed Americans.  Napoleon ordered seizure of all merchant ships that entered British ports. impressment France and Great Britain are at war  Both sides were impressing US ships.  An act of kidnapping a ship, its contents, men and forcing them into your navy

2. War Hawks New members of Congress, from the South and West, John C. Calhoun and Henry Clay want war with Great Britain….Why? U.S. must defend its neutrality Stop impressment British forts Desire for Canada and Florida Called 2nd War of Independence 2. War Hawks New members of Congress, from the South and West, John C. Calhoun and Henry Clay want war with Great Britain….Why? U.S. must defend its neutrality Stop impressment British forts Desire for Canada and Florida Called 2nd War of Independence madwar Henry Clay Kentucky John C. Calhoun South Carolina

PRINCIPLES WE FOUGHT FOR Defend our neutrality Freedom of the seas Defend our self interest madwar President James Madison Madison brought the US into this war to defend the neutrality of the US. Would this be a violation of President Washington’s policy of keeping the US out of war and neutral?

“Mr. Madison’s War” Why Britain, not France? Impressment: destroying US economy British forts = Remember Jay Treaty Arming of Indians Desire for Canada No respect from British Was convinced by the War Hawks that this was a needed war.

“Mr. Madison’s War” June, 1812: War Hawks engineer declaration of war with England. Unfortunately, Congress was not aware that London repealed impressment policy 2 days prior to war New England states opposed to war but Southern/Western states supported the war US at war vs. most powerful nation, but US divided Poorly equipped US army initiated military action in 1812 by launching a 3-part invasion of Canada The British easily repulsed the Americans

Map war1812 US unprepared for war. Failed invasion into Canada. Blockade hurt US economy…

Washington, D.C. burned by British, 25th of August 1814 highlights Dolly Madison escaped from White House and took many pieces of art, furniture from the White House before the British destroyed it.

U.S. Flag which flew over Fort McHenry to inspire Francis Scott Key to write the Star Spangled Banner. September 13 th, 1814 highlights

Battle of Fort McHenry, 1814 Oh Say Can You See By the Dawn’s Early Light… -- Francis Scott Key

10,000 British troops reached the mouth of the Mississippi River and were threatening the Louisiana Purchase.10,000 British troops reached the mouth of the Mississippi River and were threatening the Louisiana Purchase. 4,500 U.S. troops led by Andrew Jackson, the British were defeated on January 8, 1815, 2 weeks after the Treaty of Ghent was negotiated to end the war.4,500 U.S. troops led by Andrew Jackson, the British were defeated on January 8, 1815, 2 weeks after the Treaty of Ghent was negotiated to end the war. 10,000 British troops reached the mouth of the Mississippi River and were threatening the Louisiana Purchase.10,000 British troops reached the mouth of the Mississippi River and were threatening the Louisiana Purchase. 4,500 U.S. troops led by Andrew Jackson, the British were defeated on January 8, 1815, 2 weeks after the Treaty of Ghent was negotiated to end the war.4,500 U.S. troops led by Andrew Jackson, the British were defeated on January 8, 1815, 2 weeks after the Treaty of Ghent was negotiated to end the war. New orleans

Considered greatest U.S. victory to that time Defeated British’s best without help from any country Countries gained respect for the U.S. after this battle. Kept Louisiana Purchase under the control of the U.S. Considered greatest U.S. victory to that time Defeated British’s best without help from any country Countries gained respect for the U.S. after this battle. Kept Louisiana Purchase under the control of the U.S. New orleans

The Treaty of Ghent War of 1812 is considered a “stalemate”…Dec Peace commissioners in Ghent devised the following terms of peace A halt to the fighting The return of all conquered territory to the prewar borders Recognition of the prewar boundary between Canada and the United States Treaty was ratified by the Senate

The War’s Legacy U.S. gained the respect of other nations U.S. came to accept Canada as a neighbor and a part of the British Empire The Federalist party came to an end as a national force Talk of nullification and secession in New England set a precedent that would later be used by the South Gained our neutrality and became isolated from Europe

The War’s Legacy Native Americans in the West were forced to surrender large areas of land and move west. More U.S. factories were built War heroes such as Andrew Jackson and William Henry Harrison would eventually become Presidents. Growth of American nationalism Enter a time period in our history called the “Era of Good Feelings”

Respect from the Europeans The War of 1812 won new respect for America among many British. Michael Scott, a young lieutenant in the British navy wrote, “I don’t like Americans; I never did, and never shall like them…..I have no wish to eat with them, drink with them, deal with, or consort with them in any way; but let me tell the whole truth, nor fight with them, were it not for the laurels to be acquired, by overcoming an enemy so brave, determined and alert, and in every way so worthy on one’s steel, as they have always proved.