Mr. Thilak de Silva. BSc. Eng., MSc, CEng, FIE(SL), FIET(UK), CITP(UK), MBCS(UK), MIEEE (USA) M.Sc. in IT - Year 1 Semester II - 2012.

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Presentation transcript:

Mr. Thilak de Silva. BSc. Eng., MSc, CEng, FIE(SL), FIET(UK), CITP(UK), MBCS(UK), MIEEE (USA) M.Sc. in IT - Year 1 Semester II

 Networks  Transmission Networks  LTE  Multiplexes M.Sc. in IT - Year 1 Semester II

 At the end of this session you will understand about the Networks, LTEs, Multiplexes and their management systems. M.Sc. in IT - Year 1 Semester II

 Networks can be divided in to three main types.  Access Networks. ▪ Wired ▪ Wireless  Switch Networks.  Transmission Networks. M.Sc. in IT - Year 1 Semester II

 There are two main factors in Transmission networks. ▪ Transmission Media ▪ Transmission Technology. M.Sc. in IT - Year 1 Semester II

 One type of transmission media is Fiber.  Fiber should be terminated from a special equipment named LTE – Line Terminal equipment. M.Sc. in IT - Year 1 Semester II LTE Fiber

 Including supervisory signals to supervise the end to end line. ▪ Eg:- if a repeater is faulty it should be identified. M.Sc. in IT - Year 1 Semester II LTE Fiber Line Repeater

 Suitable encoding of bit patterns.  Eg:- Manchester Encoding AMI CMI  Media Conversion (if necessary)  Eg:-Electrical to Optical Conversion M.Sc. in IT - Year 1 Semester II

 All transmission networks terminates at LTE.  Need supervisory signals to monitor the link.  If one link is out of order or if a particular link is having high traffic the LTE finds an alternate link to send data.  This is the management part of the media. M.Sc. in IT - Year 1 Semester II

 Graphically represents all the LTEs and respective links between LETs.  Transmission media management can be done in a separate, central location.  This is for fiber optics.  Most of these software are pro-priority. M.Sc. in IT - Year 1 Semester II

 Telephone lines are connected to MUX.  Multiplexes are connected directly to LETs.  Logically Muxses forms a separate network but actually data are sent through the LETs. M.Sc. in IT - Year 1 Semester II

 Eg:- SDH (ITU-T standard) ▪ SDH includes a management system too.  Theses Multiplexes also has a separate management system, to divert the traffic in a failure of a link, to an alternate link. M.Sc. in IT - Year 1 Semester II

 From these two fiber restoration is done immediately. (LTE Restoration)  Only if the fiber is slow, SDH will do the restoration. (Multiplexes Restoration.)  But Fiber management software is expensive and not used in countries like Sri Lanka. M.Sc. in IT - Year 1 Semester II

 Similar concept is used in switches.  Physical Layer, SDH layer and switches has separate management systems. M.Sc. in IT - Year 1 Semester II