Metric System Notes Metric System

SI SI = Systems International or Metric System It is the universal language of scientist It is based on units of ten It measures length, volume, mass, weight, density, and temperature

Prefixes Milli 1000 Centi 100 Deci 10 Base 1 Deca.1 Hecto.01 Kilo.001 The base is whatever you are measuring, such as if you were measuring length, your base would be meters. As you decrease, your unit will have bigger numbers. 1 kilo equals 1,000,000 milli.

Length Basic unit of length is the meter Measures the distance between two points Light-year measures long distances in space ( 9.5 trillion kilometers)

Conversions Inches (in) x 2.54 = centimeters Feet (ft) x.3 = meters Yards (yd) x.9 = meters Miles (mi) x 1.6 = kilometers Square inches (in2) x 6.5 = square centimeters Square feet (ft2) x.1 = square meters Square yards (yd2) x.8 = square meters Acres x.4 = hectares Cubic feet (ft3) x.03 = cubic meters Cords (cd) x 3.6 = cubic meters Quarts (lq) (qt) x.9 = liters Gallons (gal) x.004 = liters Ounces (avdp) (oz) x 28.4 = grams Pounds (avdp) (lb) x.5 = kilograms Horsepower (hp) x.7 = kilowatts

Volume Amount of space an object takes up Basic unit of liquids or irregularly shaped objects is the Liter Basic unit of regularly shaped solids is the cubic centimeter (1cm cubed is equal to a milliliter) How to measure density

Mass Measure of the amount of matter in an object Basic unit is the kilogram

Weight Measure of the attraction between two objects due to gravity (like you and the earth) Gravity is the force of attraction Basic unit of weight is the Newton (N) Newton is the measure of force and weight is the amount of force the Earth’s Gravity exerts on an object.

Weight An object with a mass of 1 kilogram is pulled toward the Earth with a force of 9.8 newtons. An object with a mass of 50 kilograms is pulled toward the Earth with a force of 50 X 9.8, or 490 newtons. What is your weight on Earth? ______ (your weight) X 9.8 = ______ N You weigh less on top of a mountain than at sea level. (You are further away from the center of the earth on a mountain)

Density Scientist need to compare substances based on their mass and volume. The relationship between mass and volume is called density. It is defined as mass per unit volume of a substance Formula of Density = Mass divided by volume Density of water is 1 g/cm 3

Density Objects with a density greater than water will sink Objects with a density less than water will float Density of solids is g/cm

Temperature Basic unit is Celsius scale Water freezes at 0 degrees and boils at 100 degrees Body temperature is 37 degrees and room temperature is about 21 degrees Fahrenheit to Celsius formula = Multiply Celsius by 9, divide by 5, then add 32