Ms. Susan M. Pojer Horace Greeley HS Chappaqua, NY.

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Presentation transcript:

Ms. Susan M. Pojer Horace Greeley HS Chappaqua, NY

Child Labor

“Galley (slave) Labor”

Labor Unrest:

The Molly Maguires The Molly Maguires (1875) The Molly Maguires The Molly Maguires (1875) James McParland

The Corporate “Bully-Boys”: Pinkerton Agents

Management vs. Labor “Tools” of Management “Tools” of Labor  “scabs”  P. R. campaign  Pinkertons  lockout  blacklisting  yellow-dog contracts  court injunctions  open shop  boycotts  sympathy demonstrations  informational picketing  closed shops  organized strikes  “wildcat” strikes

A Striker Confronts a SCAB!

Knights of Labor Terence V. Powderly An injury to one is the concern of all!

Goals of the Knights of Labor ù Eight-hour workday. ù Workers’ cooperatives. ù Worker-owned factories. ù Abolition of child and prison labor. ù Increased circulation of greenbacks. ù Equal pay for men and women. ù Safety codes in the workplace. ù Prohibition of contract foreign labor. ù Abolition of the National Bank.

The Great Railroad Strike of 1877

The Great Railroad Strike of 1877 The Great Railroad Strike of 1877

Anarchists Meet on the Lake Front in 1886

Haymarket Riot (1886) McCormick Harvesting Machine Co.

Haymarket Martyrs

The American Federation of Labor: 1886 Samuel Gompers Catered to the skilled worker.Catered to the skilled worker. Represented workers in matters of national legislation.Represented workers in matters of national legislation. Maintained a national strike fund.Maintained a national strike fund. Evangelized the cause of unionism.Evangelized the cause of unionism. Prevented disputes among the many craft unions.Prevented disputes among the many craft unions. Mediated disputes between management and labor.Mediated disputes between management and labor. Pushed for closed shops.Pushed for closed shops.

Homestead Steel Strike(1892) The Amalgamated Association of Iron & Steel Workers Homestead Steel Works Big Corporate Profits!

Attempted Assassination! Henry Clay Frick, in charge of Carnegie Plant Alexander Berkman

A “Company Town”: Pullman, IL A “Company Town”: Pullman, IL

President Grover Cleveland If it takes the entire army and navy to deliver a postal card in Chicago, that card will be delivered! Government by injunction! The Pullman Strike of 1894

The Socialists Eugene V. Debs

International Workers of the World (“Wobblies”)  Violence was justified to overthrow capitalism. “Big Bill” Haywood of the IWW

The Hand That Will Rule the World  One Big Union

Mother Jones: “The Miner’s Angel”  Mary Harris.  Organizer for the United Mine Workers.  Founded the Social Democratic Party in  One of the founding members of the I. W. W. in 1905.

Lawrence, MA Strike: 1912 The “Bread & Roses” Strike DEMANDS: 15¢/hr. wage increase.15¢/hr. wage increase. Double pay for overtime.Double pay for overtime. No discrimination against strikers.No discrimination against strikers. An end to “speed-up” on the assembly line.An end to “speed-up” on the assembly line. An end to discrimination against foreign immigrant workers.An end to discrimination against foreign immigrant workers.

Lawrence, MA Strike: 1912

Labor Union Membership