Alan Doherty Linlithgow Academy ( photos ) Malcolm McDonald Bathgate Academy.

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Presentation transcript:

Alan Doherty Linlithgow Academy ( photos ) Malcolm McDonald Bathgate Academy

Karachi Management of Urban Change APPLICATION Management of urban change Population growth,industry, housing,services,quality of life and inequalities which arise in a city in the developing world

Land Use in Karachi

How many people in Karachi ? 1833 Small fishing village Size of Bathgate !!! 1941 Industrial development Size of Edinburgh 1951 In-migration from India ( Afghanistan civil war ) 8.5 million Scotland = 5million

How do katchi abadis grow ? Older Katchi Abadis -Lyari Migrants from countryside Getting more densely packed No planning at all Filling up empty spaces Building on roof Services are acquired

How do katchi abadis grow ? Illegal subdivisions Dallal acquires land Sub lets to slum dwellers Arranges water supplies Protects residents from eviction Once big enough it is safe

How do katchi abadis grow ? Organised Invasions Poorer people cant pay rent Pick out a site Occupy it in the evening Build houses on it at night Try to prevent demolition

What are the houses like ? Very temporary Made of reeds And wooden poles Temporary More wood Prolonged Concrete bricks Semi permanent Plastered walls Permanent Can add extra storey

Inequalities ? Architect designed Car owners Water 2 hrs per day Water use = 10% For 0.5% population

Solutions Success or Failure ? IRP Improvement and Regularisation Programme Survey of all unauthorised katchi abadis to see if they could be improved. Secure land tenure Improvement of public utilities Development of a financial plan

Solutions Success or Failure ? OPD Open Plot Development Residents build own houses Community facilities Public utilities

Solutions Success or Failure ? UWD Utility Wall Development

Solutions Success ORANGI Katchi Abadi In NW Karachi home of 1,000,000 shanty dwellers Diseases like typhoid, malaria,diarrhoea,dysentery scabies Many live 5 to a room 20% of babies dont reach their first birthday Karachi Development Corporation cannot organise services..... no taxes paid by many residents 1500 people died in riots in

Solutions Success ORANGI PILOT PROJECT In 1980 the OPP began, to try to develop and improve basic services, particularly sanitation. The residents are managing, financing, operating and maintaining an underground sewerage system. Installation of septic tanks between each toilet and the underground sewage pipes Residents have collected over £1.2 million Literacy rates up from 35% to 70% Infant mortality fallen from 130 per 1000 to 37

Karachi Skyline

Street in Karachi

Laundry

Brickworks

Bowser water lorry

Water queue

Garbage dump

Katchi abadi housing

Defence housing

Mobile home ?

Use of water

Middle Class house

Middle Class house with garden