The U.S. Constitution Representative Democracy Representative Democracy Federalism Federalism Bicameralism Bicameralism Separation of Powers Separation of Powers Checks and Balances Checks and Balances

7 principles of Constitution Popular sovereignty Popular sovereignty Republicanism Republicanism Limited government Limited government Federalism Federalism Separation of powers Separation of powers Checks and balances Checks and balances Individual rights Individual rights

Popular Sovereignty Defined as “authority of people” Defined as “authority of people” “We The People”-reinforces the idea of the Declaration which states governments power is derived(comes from) “the consent of the governed” “We The People”-reinforces the idea of the Declaration which states governments power is derived(comes from) “the consent of the governed”

Republicanism Voters hold sovereign power Voters hold sovereign power People elect representatives and give them power to make laws and conduct government. People elect representatives and give them power to make laws and conduct government. Today republicanism and representative democracy mean same thing. Today republicanism and representative democracy mean same thing. Defined as: system of limited government where people of ultimate source of governmental power. Defined as: system of limited government where people of ultimate source of governmental power.

Limited Government Created to make certain the government would have only those powers granted by the people. Created to make certain the government would have only those powers granted by the people. Article 1 of Constitution states powers that government has and doesn’t have. Article 1 of Constitution states powers that government has and doesn’t have. Other limits are found in Bill of Rights(1 st 10 amendments to Constitution) Other limits are found in Bill of Rights(1 st 10 amendments to Constitution) Described as “rule of law” Described as “rule of law” No one above the law No one above the law

Federalism System of government in which power is distributed between a central authority and individual states. System of government in which power is distributed between a central authority and individual states. 3 types of governmental powers 3 types of governmental powers a. Delegated powers(also called enumerated powers) belong only to federal govt. b. Reserved powers- held by state government c. Concurrent powers-shared by federal and state government.

Separation of Powers 3 branch system to prevent one from being too powerful 3 branch system to prevent one from being too powerful Legislative- law making branch Legislative- law making branch Executive- enforces the laws Executive- enforces the laws Judicial- interprets the law Judicial- interprets the law

Checks and Balances Allows each branch to check or limit the power of other branches. Allows each branch to check or limit the power of other branches. example: congress passes a law and the president can reject (veto) the law. example: congress passes a law and the president can reject (veto) the law. Congress can then override the veto if 2/3 of both houses vote again to approve the law. Congress can then override the veto if 2/3 of both houses vote again to approve the law.

Individual Rights of Citizens Bill of Rights became a part of Constitution in Bill of Rights became a part of Constitution in Include 1 st 10 amendments which protect basic liberties and rights that you may have taken for granted-including freedom of speech, freedom of press, freedom of assembly, freedom of religion, and the right to trial by jury. Include 1 st 10 amendments which protect basic liberties and rights that you may have taken for granted-including freedom of speech, freedom of press, freedom of assembly, freedom of religion, and the right to trial by jury. 17 amendments follow bill of rights expand rights of Americans. 17 amendments follow bill of rights expand rights of Americans.