Chapter 19 Changes in Georgia and America -After WWII and Beyond

Daily Ten Chapter 19-Section 2-pg Cold War 2. Nuclear Arms Race 3. Iron Curtain 4. Containment 5. Joe McCarthy 6. Cuban Missile Crisis

Vocabulary Ch 19 Sec 3 pg Profit 8.Operation Dixie 9.Lake Sidney Lanier 10.Metropolitan

Vocabulary Sec 4 pg Board of Regents Controversy governors controversy 13. Carl Sanders 14. Richard Russell, Jr. 15. Carl Vinson

Population Trends WWII affected GA’s economy and population tremendously. The rural population lost population but the urban gained population.

Truman Continued FDR’s work to prohibit any “discrimination in the employment of workers based on race, creed, color, or national origin…” Race? Creed? National origin? Created the President’s Commission on Civil Rights in 1947 to ensure civil rights justice was powerful.

Challenging Segregation Brown v Board of Education “Not equal, not fair!” Supreme Court ruled that “separate but equal” educational facilities were not fair.

Segregation at UGA 1959, two African-American students from Atlanta, Charlayne Hunter and Hamilton Holmes tried to enroll and were told the university was full. They sued and won, court ordered the UGA to enroll. The two graduated in 1963.

Changes in Business & Industry  Middle class grew due to Ga’s economy. Baby Boom also caused Georgia’s growth.  Atlanta grew and offered factory/industrial jobs. (transportation jobs, banking, real estate, auto assembly)  As urban areas became too crowded it was hard to maintain public services. (started another move back to suburbs)

Lake Sidney Lanier Reservoir Man-made to create more water for the Atlanta area. Also helped control flooding in area.

William B. Hartsfield Mayor of Atlanta ( ) Atlanta grew because of all of his efforts from Accomplishments:  MARTA public transportation  Attracted Major League Sports, Candler Field Race Track  Atlanta Airport and Zoo all brought revenue and business to city.)

Growth of Atlanta after WWII MARTA: (Metropolitan Atlanta Rapid Transit Authority) relieved traffic congestion on Atlanta roads.

Growth of Atlanta after WWII Atlanta’s “Downtown Connector” brought the interstate through downtown Atlanta.

Eugene Talmadge & the Board of Regents Controversy Abuses his power of Governor to fight integration in public schools. Caused Georgia school’s to lose accreditation (Board of Regents Controversy 1941) Lost re-election in 1942 to Ellis Arnall.

Ellis Arnall (cleaned up Georgia Politics) Reduced the power of the governor’s office. Reformed Georgia’s education system ( repaired damage done by Eugene Talmadge who tried to block integration )

Ellis Arnall (Attorney General) Formed the Board of Pardons and Paroles. ( this ended the practice of selling pardons ). Updated Georgia’s Constitution ( 1945 ). (Lowered the voting age to 18)

Ivan Allen Jr. ( ) Ivan Allen Jr. served as mayor of Atlanta from 1962 to While other southern cities experienced recurring violence, Mayor Allen was able to broker more peaceful paths to integration.

3 Governors Controversy After Talmadge's death, the General Assembly elected Talmadge's son as governor.General Assembly But the newly elected lieutenant governor, Melvin Thompson, felt he should be the new governor. Melvin Thompson The outgoing governor, Ellis Arnall, refused to leave office.Ellis Arnall Eventually, the Georgia Supreme Court settled the controversy making Thompson governor.Georgia Supreme Court

Study Guide Questions ________ is to gain an advantage or benefit. _______ ______ were efforts to set up unions in southern industry. ______ _____ _____ a manmade lake created to supply growing Atlanta metropolitan area with water. The ____ _______ provided WWII veterans with free education, low-interest home loans and help starting small businesses.

During the ________ _____ Americans felt threatened by the possibility of a nuclear attack, communism and the Soviet Union’s advances in science and math education. The U.S. Policy of _________ (similar to Isolationism), was based on fears of communism spreading. After WWII, the economy of Georgia was driven by ______ instead of agriculture much more than before the war. Term used by Churchill to describe the division between the Soviet Union and the Allied powers. _______ _________. _______ _____ was an organized attempt to bring labor unions to the south. _____ _______ are American’s born between 1946 and This era caused a massive population increase.

After WWII, Georgia changed from an agricultural economy to an industrial economy because of ________. Fewer farm workers were needed because of these improvements in technology. Mayor William Hartsfield made Atlanta the crossroads of the south because of the downtown connector and the ___________. Governor Ellis Arnall gave the right to vote to 18 year olds, regained accreditation for the state, and lessened the ________ of the governor’s office.

________ areas of Georgia’s population fell dramatically while _______ areas grew. _________ describes as being of a major city. The Board of Regents controversy was because Governor ___________ wanted to rid Georgia of “foreign” influences and block integration of public schools. Governor __________ campaigned on a platform of White Supremacy and blamed politics of “whites and blacks” on all of Georgia’s problems.

Summary of Chapter 19 The years after WWII were a time of rapid change in American Society. The U.S. birth rate increased when military personnel returned home. Many people moved to the suburbs due to creation of a new middle class. Due to Georgia economy switching from an agricultural economy to an industrial economy, the middle class was created. Urban areas became too crowded and cities were unable to provide services. This lead to constant population shifts as those who could afford left cities to move into the suburbs.