REGIONAL INITIATIVES TO IMPROVE LAND GOVERNANCE: AFRICA Joan Kagwanja, Chief,Land Policy Initiative (LPI) ECA

Land related challenges -Africa

ECA AU-ECA-AfDB Land Policy Initiative Build evidence, partnerships/ Synergies/coherence/ Commitment in support of land Reforms Lack of sustainable donor support Cross-boarder aspects of land related disputes/issues Incoherent involvement of actors/partners Inadequate lessons learning in policy formulation/implemen tation Low political will/commitment by African govts A Regional Response to land challenges?

AU-ECA-AfDB Land Policy Initiative Lack of sustainable donor support Cross-boarder aspects of land related disputes/issues Incoherent involvement of actors/partners Inadequate lessons learning in policy formulation/implementati on Low political will/commitment by African govts Framework/ guidelines on land policy in Africa (F&G) Benchmarks/indic ators On land policy and governance Build evidence, partnerships/ Synergies/coherence/ commitment in support of land Reforms Regional/continental multi-stakeholder assessments dialogue, consultation and consensus on land reform AU Declaration on land on Land Issues and Challenges Monitoring & Evaluation Framework with Benchmarks/ indicators Implementing entity/ mechanism

AU-ECA-AfDB Land Policy Initiative Framework/guidelines on land policy in Africa (F&G) Benchmarks/indicator s On land policy and governance Build evidence, partnerships/ Synergies/coherence/commitment in support of land Reforms Regional/continental multi-stakeholder assessments dialogue, consultation and consensus on land reform AU Declaration on land on Land Issues and Challenges Lack of sustainable donor support Cross-boarder aspects of land related disputes/issues Incoherent involvement of actors/partners Inadequate lessons learning in policy formulation/implem entation Low political will/commitment by African govts Monitoring &Evaluation Framework with Benchmarks/indicators Implementing entity/ mechanism Increased political/ other commitment of African governments Increased support of Dev, partners Timely/ appropriate land policies; effective administration Increased monitoring of reforms/processes Improved land governance Equity in land distribution Secure land rights Reduced land disputes -Sustainable NRM -Agricultural transformation -urban development Resources, technical capacity, synergies/ coordination

AU-ECA-AfDB Land Policy Initiative Framework/guidelines on land policy in Africa (F&G) Benchmarks/indicators On land policy and governance Build evidence, partnerships/ Synergies/coherence/commitment in support of land Reforms Regional/continental multi-stakeholder assessments dialogue, consultation and consensus on land reform AU Declaration on land on Land Issues and Challenges Increased political/ other commitment of African governments Increased support of development partners Timely/ appropriate land policies; effective administration Increased monitoring of reforms/processes Improved land governance Equity in land distribution Secure land rights Reduced land disputes -Agricultural transformation -urban development Lack of sustainable donor support Cross-boarder aspects of land related disputes/issues Incoherent involvement of actors/partners Inadequate lessons learning in policy formulation/implem entation Low political will/commitment by African govts Monitoring &Evaluation Framework with Benchmarks/indicators Implementing entity/ mechanism Resources, technical capacity, synergies/ coordination

Stakeholders now agree on an African land agenda Consensus on Africa’s agenda on Land governance Enhanced knowledge of the challenges; gaps in processes/institutions Dialogue on land policy related agenda to address challenges Partnerships and Commitment CSO/non state actors platform Donor Working Group Private sector?????? Resource Mobilisation/partnerships Guidelines on LSLBI

The African experience can provide lessons for other regions? Building consensus on a land agenda with political commitment – AU- Framework & Guidelines – CFS/FAO-Voluntary Guidelines Establishing an entity (LPI) to steer operations – location? Strategy? Business Plan? Developing a mechanism for stakeholder engagement (CSO, Farmers) A platform for enhancing partnerships, synergies and coordination Monitoring and reporting framework—political anchor

Priority areas for quick wins LSLBI GOAL: Increase responsible investments on land to contribute to agricultural transformation and sustainable social and economic development Key actions need: Adopt and adhered to regulatory frameworks - with respect to LSLBI – p olicies; institutions; GP Enhanced capacities among all stakeholders involved in assessment, negotiation and monitoring of processes relating to LSLBI Enhance partnerships which promote solidarity, corporation and mutual accountability established between and within countries, regions Integrate land governance in the CAADP results framework ==monitoring framework for LSLBI Targets: Regulatory framework for the governance of LSLBI as per AU Guiding Principles adopted by 80% of countries targeted by LSLBI by 2024

Indicators---MEF

Indicators Legal and institutional framework Land policy developed in a participatory forum Land policy framework is available with an action plan that is realistic and has required financial resources for implementation Recognition of the continuum of land tenure rights in rural and urban areas are protected in either statutory or customary systems Institutions solely focused on land issues (administration, management) with clear mandates Security tenure of women Acknowledgement of women's individual land rights in law either through customary or statutory law The law provides opportunities for those holding land under customary, group, or collective tenure to fully or partially individualize land ownership and use. Procedures for registration of tenure are clearly specified, safeguarded, and followed in practice Proportion of women with documented land rights

Indicators/2 Equitable land systems Existence of formal mechanisms for land management and land administration Ease of registration of property Affordability of registration of property % of Land (urban and rural) that is registered % of communal land that is registered Access to justice /recourse to enforce land rights Percentage of landless / homeless/squatting households Resource allocation indicators Total amount, and % of national budget allocated to land sector % of land policy needs covered by national budget % of composition of donor funds in national land budget % of total land budget allocated to training of staff dealing with land

Indicators/3 Land management systems Land is mapped and rights are registered Land acquisition generates few conflicts and these are addressed expeditiously and transparently Public institutions involved in land acquisition operate in a clear and transparent manner Incentives for investors are clear, transparent and consistent There are direct and transparent negotiations between right holders and investors Social and environmental requirements for large scale investments in agriculture are clearly defined and implemented There are avenues to lodge complaints if agricultural investors do not comply with requirements

Process of M&E

Role of Stakeholders in ME StakeholdersRole LPI  Work planning for M&E  Coordination of processes and resource mobilization  Presentation of M&E results to the AU Summit  Consolidation of regional data RECs  Identification of relevant ministries, departments and agencies that are custodians of land governance reform data  Coordination of M&E process at a regional level including work planning and identification of technical assistance that may be required  Consolidation of data from Member States Member States  Coordination of different actors for data collection (in countries where there is limited support, RECs will provide technical and management assistance to drive the process at the country level)  Stakeholder meeting for validation of data Civil Society  Data collection and validation of data  Technical support at the country level

Thank you