Sustainable Grading Ralph Westfall, Ph.D. April

What Is Sustainable Grading? Sustainable in terms of: Reducing or eliminating paper usage Conserving the time and energy of the person doing the grading

Grading Problems Context: computer programming and web development classes Issues Too many students (90 in CIS120!)CIS120 Takes too long per student Inconsistencies in evaluations Hard to spot cheating Paper is inefficient, especially when using a learning management system (Blackboard) killing trees searching content is difficult

Computer Assisted Grading Things that I have tried in conjunction with learning management systems Multiple Word files Notepad files Microsoft Excel spreadsheets for sequencing grading as first-in/first out for recording detail and calculating scores Custom software I'm developing

Multiple Word Files Students submit all assignments into Blackboard in zip files that include: individual programming code files for testing Word files that have pasted into them: all relevant code images of user interfaces when running possibly outputs Grade files in order submitted (sort dates in Excel) turn on Track Changes mark comments with ** to make easy to find and total refer back to previously graded files for consistency (can copy comments)

Word Files Demonstration Ken

Multiple Word: Pros and Cons Pluses Increased consistency Easier to spot cheating Can provide relatively detailed feed back and corrections Can use Find to locate and help total deductions Minuses Time consuming High human memory demands

Notepad Files Paste frequently used comments into Notepad Including ** marker and scoring Paste them back into Word documents or Blackboard feedback

Notepad Demonstration CIS 120

Notepad File Pros and Cons Pros simple consistent on common issues Cons Awkward Somewhat labor intensive Not comprehensive/not scalable No sorting capability

Microsoft Excel Spreadsheet Rubrics in a Microsoft Excel spreadsheet 1 st column: points off 2 nd column: summary of grading issues After that, one column per student (in submission order determined with Excel ) Totals for each column Split or Freeze Panes feature allows keeping first two columns visible while scrolling horizontally through users

Excel Demonstration Dummy class

Microsoft Excel Pros and Cons Pluses High consistency Very easy to spot cheating Minuses Feed back and corrections often must be compressed due to limitations of width of computer screen Copying comments from spreadsheet into users Word file is labor intensive Unwieldy to deal with more than one screen of grading items, which is not enough in many situations Sorting grading comments makes them easier to use, but takes extra effort

More Automation with Excel? Use Visual Basic for Applications to make the spreadsheet easier to use Could reduce labor but would still be limited in terms of comment detail Would require extra coding to make as fail-safe as a database application Less analytical possibilities than a database application

Stand-Alone Application Visual Basic plus a database Less coding than an Excel application would require Use existing database capabilities rather than adding them to Excel's capabilities More extensible Easier to maintain Labor-saving functionalities Automate copying of comments rather than having to manually select and copy Built in sorting and seeking facilities in combobox that holds all the comments

Demonstration of System Download and extract files from GradeSQL.zip into a folder on your Desktop (or wherever)GradeSQL.zip Double-click GradeSQL.exe file in Debug folder Use Set Up tab to load items from database Click item you want to use and in right combobox and then paste it (Ctrl V) into file you are grading Type new comment in left textbox and click Add to add it to combobox and database

Future Plans Implement desirable enhancements identified through use Register it with Source Forge as an open source project Publicize it MERLOT Forums and mailing lists Follow up publication in an academic outlet