LIPIDS FATS, OILS & WAXES

Fat

Oils

Wax

Building Blocks - glycerol and 3 fatty acids Contain ONLY C, H, & O (just like carbs) (They have more carbon than carbs do) Building Blocks - glycerol and 3 fatty acids Fatty acid “tails”

1 glycerol with 3 fatty acid “tails”

3 groups of lipids Fats Oils Waxes Characteristic: None dissolve in water They are stored in your body without water—that’s much more energy-efficient than carb or protein storage Huge Energy

Check your Understanding What is the scientific name for “fats”? What are fats made of? What one characteristic puts the lipids all in the same group? What are the 3 types of lipids?

2 types: saturated and unsaturated Saturated is BAD (bacon) unsaturated is GOOD (olive oil)

Saturated Fats Made by animals Solid at room temperature Ex - Butter, Bacon Cause your body to make more “bad” cholesterol – blood cholesterol levels rise BAD cholesterol = LDL LDL plugs up arteries

Unsaturated Fats (oils) Made by plants Also made by fish Liquids at room temperature Ex - Olive oil Cause your body to start making more “good” cholesterol – blood cholesterol levels drop “Good” cholesterol = HDL HDLs clean cholesterol from your blood (liver breaks cholesterol down)

Functions of Fats (4) 1. Long term energy storage Store 9 calories per gram Are hydrophobic so they are not stored with water 6 times the energy of carbs and protein 2. Forms cell membranes 3. Cushions organs 4. Insulation

Check Your Understanding What is the good fat? What is the bad fat? What is the good cholesterol? Bad cholesterol? Which organisms make saturated fats? Which organisms make unsaturated fats? Name the 4 functions of fats How many calories per gram of fat?

If saturated fats are so bad for us, why do restaurants tend to use this type of fat? If fats are so bad for us, then why do we like them so much?