Developed trade networks Used the resources of the sea Mrs. LaPlant Global 9 Our Lady of Lourdes Chapter 4, Section 1 Early Civilizations in Greece In what ways did proximity to the sea influence the development of early Greek civilizations? The ancient Greeks: Became seafarers Developed trade networks Used the resources of the sea

How did the geography of Greece impact its development How did the geography of Greece impact its development? Pindus Mountains – Mt. Olympus is the highest peak The mountains of Greece divided the Greek people from each other. These communities became very independent and grew into city-states know as a polis*. A polis was made up of two parts: the hilltop acropolis, and below on flatter ground was the main city within a wall.

Seas The Aegean Sea - between Greece and modern day Turkey The Mediterranean Sea – almost entirely surrounded by land; the strait of Gibraltar leading to the Atlantic Ocean is 14 miles across. The Ionian Sea – between Greece and Southern Italy The Black Sea – north of modern day Turkey

Compare/Contrast Minoan and Mycenaean civilizations Both Mycenaean

Compare/Contrast Minoan and Mycenaean civilizations Both Mycenaean Island culture Monarchies Indo-European Sea trade with Greece & Egypt Extensive trade with other civilizations Fortified palaces ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Lived on the Greek mainland Paintings show sporting & nature scenes Created paintings that reflected values Natural disasters ended civilizations Warrior people -------------------- Buried dead in the side of hills Rich culture: pottery, gold & silver jewelry Bronze weapons ------------------------ polytheistic Murals show war & hunting scenes

What is a Dark Age? A period of decline or deterioration after a civilization’s peak. a period in Greece and the Aegean from the end of the Bronze Age until the beginning of the archaic period (1100 BC to 750 BC). There was no building of palaces and fortresses, and the art of writing was apparently lost. During the 8th century BC the Greeks adopted the Phoenician alphabet to give them a new system of writing.

Homer Epic Poet of the Dark Age Iliad - story of the final days of the Trojan War. Paris, the Prince of Troy kidnapped Helen the wife of the Spartan King. His brother King Agamemnon led the Greeks to attack Troy. The Greeks trick the Trojans with a large gift horse that is filled with Greek soldiers. Odyssey – tells the story of Odysseus’ ten year journey home after the ten year Trojan War and his many adventures. Both stories teach the values of courage and honor.