2. Physical Map

3. Ancient Greece
2000 B.C B.C.
What shapes a society?Geography cultural, land type,
What shaped our nation as it is? Geography & other cultures
Greece/Began Democracy/idea that the people rule/can express their ideas and voice opinion

4. Geography shaped Greek Civilization
1. The Sea
coastal land
Aegean, Ionian, and Black Seas were waterways for Greeks
Climate
Mediterranean climate
Moderate temperature
Low rainfall
No snow
Coastal Geography what advantages?
SEA 1. Trade easier/quicker 2. Defense/must sail to get their mountains protect other part
CLIMATE 1.w/adv? Moderate/not cold/example Sand Diego/ time spent at marketplace gymnasiuom and political meetings/theatre/religious celebrations
LAND 1. W/advt&Disadvt with mountains? Protection/not fertile,weeks to travel short distance ,hard to control, hard to feed pop. Greece only had 2mil at one time couldn’t support relied ont rade

5. Geography ¾’s of land covered with mountains
The Land
¾’s of land covered with mountains
small communities /not much farming land
Greece never able to support a large pop.
Diet—staple crops grains, grapes, and olives.

6. Culture and Trade Warrior Kings and nobles lived in walled cities
Peasants lived outside the walls
Seaborne trade was their livelihood

7. Greek Wrestlers Ancient Games

8. The Minoans of Crete Minoan civilization developed as early as 2800 BC
Lasted nearly 1,000 years
Minoan ships filled with trade goods sailed back and forth between Crete and her colonies around the Aegean Sea and even to Egypt

9. Knossos Much of Minoan life revealed by excavations
Solidly constructed buildings
Private rooms
Basic plumbing
Brightly colored artwork
Artwork shows life tied to sea, women as priests, dangerous games

10. Excavation site Palace of Knossos

11. Palace of Knossos

12. Throne room

13. Artwork

14. Minoans
Minoan civilization fell apart rather suddenly, possibly from disaster.
Large eruption of volcanic island near Crete may have affected worldwide weather patterns.
Damage to Minoan ports, fewer crops may have weakened society
Minoans conquered by warlike Mycenaeans

15. Built to withstand any attack
The Mycenaeans
Mainland Greeks
Leading city of Mycenae
Built to withstand any attack
Warlike raiding kingdoms
The Trojan War
Most likely a Mycenaean raid of a rival city
Not trading scoiety like Minoans/ War like, raiding societies/ Not countries small areas with many kings and queens.
Mycenae// located on a steep rocky ridge surounded by 20 feet thick walls/ perfect for defense
MANY FORTS-lke this with many kings MYCEBAEBS RAID ONE SOCIETY leads to trojan war/
Indo-Europeans migrated and settled on the Greek mainland around 2000 B.C.
Mycenae located on steep rocky ridge surround by a protective wall up to 20 ft. thick.
Influential and militaristic rulers controlled
Kings dominated Greece

17. Mycenaean Differences
Mycenaeans
The Mycenaean States
Mycenaeans built small kingdoms, often fought with each other
Name comes from fortress, Mycenae
First Greeks
Mycenaeans considered first Greeks, spoke form of Greek language
Earliest kingdoms owed much to Minoans
Minoan Influences
Mycenaeans traded with Minoans, copied writing
Became great traders
Trade increased after they conquered Crete
Mycenaean Differences
Society dominated by intense competition, frequent warfare, powerful kings
Kings taxed trade and farming to build palaces, high walls

19. Mycenaean Strengths and Downfall
To show off strength, Mycenaeans built great monuments like Lion’s Gate
Kings’ constant quest for power, glory inspired legends
Most famous, story of Trojan War
Trojan War
War supposedly involved early Greeks, led by Mycenae, who fought powerful city called Troy, in what is now Turkey
Downfall
War played part in end of Mycenaean civilization, as did drought, famine
By end of 1100s BC, Mycenaean cities mostly in ruins; dark age followed
Greek civilization almost disappeared

20. Lion’s Gate Entrance to Citadel

22. The Greek Dark Ages stories past on through word of mouth
Skill of writing lost/ no written records
B.C.
Homer- wrote the Iliad and the Odyssey
stories past on through word of mouth
Epics - heroic poems
Arete -to strive for excellence, to show courage, and to win fame and honor
What are the dark ages of any society? No written records/constant war records lost/high death rate/
ART>INVENTIONS/ STORIES PAST ON BY WORD OF MOUTH
HOMER-stories/word of mounth-movies,myth, legend, glory, fame
ARETE - Honor/Mex pride?WAR OR GAMES/ Epics/ heroic poems- kids stories knights in shining armor
Iliad and Odyssey two literate masterpieces big in English and History
Individuals about heroes and exploits
The Odyssey about an odyssey adventure home