PROJECT MANAGEMENT

A project is one – having a specific objective to be completed within certain specifications – having defined start and end dates – having funding limitations – consuming resources

P PEOPLE MANAGEMENT PROCESS MANAGEMENT PRODUCT MANAGEMENT PROFIT MANAGEMENT PERFORMANCE MANAGEMENT

R RESOURCES MANAGEMENT RESULT MANAGEMENT RISK MANAGEMENT

O OPTIMUM UTILISATION OF RESOURCES ORGANISATION MANAGEMENT ORIENTATION IN APPROACH

J JUST IN TIME TECHNIQUES?

E END IN MIND EFFECTIVE MANAGEMENT EFFICIENT MANAGEMENT

C COMMUNICATION CUSTOMER ORIENTATION CUSTOMER SATISFACTION

T TRANSFORMING ORGANISATIONS FOR PERFORMANCE

Project Management is planning, organizing, directing and controlling company resources, for a relatively short term objective that has been established to complete specific goals and objective. Furthermore, project management utilizes systems approach to management by having functional personnel (vertical) assigned to a specific project (horizontal)

Project Management involves Project Planning – define work requirement – define quality of work – define resources needed Project Monitoring – tracking progress – comparing actuals to predicted – analyzing impact – making adjustment

Obstacles in Project Management – Project complexity – Customer’s special requirement – Organizational restructuring _ Organisational constraints – Project risks – Changes in technology – Forward planning _ Forward pricing

Potential benefits …… – identification of functional responsibilities to ensure that all activities are accounted for, regardless of personnel turnover – minimizing need for continuous reporting – identification of time limits for scheduling – identification of methodology for trade off analysis

Potential benefits – measurement of accomplishment against plans – early identification of problems so that corrections can follow – improved estimation capability for future planning – knowing when objectives cannot be met or will be exceeded

Who can be a project manager ? - Qualification? - Personal characteristics? - Skill requirements?

Personal characteristics… - Flexibility and adaptability - Preference for significant initiative - Leadership - Aggressiveness, confidence, persuasiveness - Verbal fluency - Ambition, activity, forcefulness - Effectiveness as communicator - Integrator

Personal characteristics… - Broad scope of personal interests - Poise, enthusiasm, imagination - Spontaneity - Able to balance technical solutions with time cost and human factors - Well organised and disciplined - A generalist rather than specialist

Personal characteristics - Able and willing to devote most of his time to planning and controlling - Able to identify problems - Willing to make decisions - Able to maintain a proper balance in use of time

Skill requirements…. - Team building - Leadership - Conflict resolution - Technical expertise

Skill requirements - Planning - Organisation - Entrepreneurship - Administration - Management support - Resource allocation

Methods and Techniques For Developing Project Managers

I.EXPERIENCIAL TRAINING/ON THE JOB - Working with experienced professional leader -Working with project team member -Assigning a variety of project management responsibilities, consecutively - Job rotation, formal on the job training - Supporting multifunctional activities

II. CONCEPTUAL TRAINING/SCHOOLING - Courses, seminars, workshops - Simulation, games, case studies - Group exercises - Hands on exercises in using project management techniques - Professional meetings - Conventions, symposia - Reading books, trade journals and professional magazines

III.ORGANISATIONAL DEVELOPMENT - Formally established and reorganised project management function - Proper project organisation - Project support systems - Project charter - Project management directives - Project management policies - Project management procedures

Life Cycle Phases

Product life cycle Project life cycle

Product life cycle Research and development Market introduction Growth Maturity Deterioration Death

Project life cycle Conceptual Definition Production Operational Divestment

Conceptual phase…. Determine existing needs or Potential deficiencies of existing systems Establish system concepts Determine initial technical feasibility, Determine environmental feasibility, Determine economic feasibility

Conceptual phase…. Determine predictability of the system Examine ways of accomplishing objectives Provide the initial answers to What will the system cost When will the system be available What will the system do How will the system be integrated

Conceptual phase Identify human/non-human resources required Select initial system designs Determine initial system interfaces Establish system organisation

Definition phase…. Identify resources required firmly Prepare final system performance Prepare detailed plans required Determine realistic cost and schedule Determine performance requirements

Definition phase Identify of high risk and uncertainty areas Plans for further exploration of these areas Define of inter/intra system interfaces Determine necessary support subsystems Identify documents required to support Prepare such documents required

Production phase…. Update plans conceived / defined Identify and manage resources required Verify system production specifications Produce, construct and install

Production phase Prepare and disseminate policy documents procedural documents Perform final testing to determine adequacy Develop technical manuals / documentation Develop plans to support the system

Operational phase Use of results by the user customer Integrate product /service into existing system Evaluate technical / social sufficiency Evaluate economic sufficiency Provide feedback to organizational planners Evaluate adequacy of supporting system

Divestment phase... System phase down Develop plan transfer to support organization Divest transfer of resources to other systems Develop lessons learned from system Include lessons in qualitative- quantitative data base

Divestment phase... Assess image of the customer Major problems encountered How they were solved Technological advances Knowledge advances Vs strategic objectives

Divestment phase Improved management techniques Recommend research and development Recommend future programmes Other major lessons learned

Systems Thinking…. Input data to mental process Analyse data Predict outcome Evaluate outcomes

Systems Thinking Compare alternatives Choose the best alternative Take action Measure results Compare with predictions