© Copyright 2014 Milady, a part of Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied, or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part. Basic Teaching Skills for Career Education Instructors Chapter 12 Assessing Progress and Advising Students

© Copyright 2014 Milady, a part of Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied, or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part. Critical Concept Master Educators know that students can always do better and will inspire them to compete with themselves for better performance.

© Copyright 2014 Milady, a part of Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied, or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part. Desired Performance Goals Explain the purpose of grading. Explain what categories should be graded and when grading should occur. List the characteristics of 8 different types of grading styles. Establish a test plan. List advantages and disadvantages of various types of questioning used in evaluation. (continues)

© Copyright 2014 Milady, a part of Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied, or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part. Desired Performance Goals Explain the purpose and use of Likert scales, rating scales, checklists, performance checklists, multiple- category grading, rubrics, and point grading. Explain the basic principles and steps involved with academic advising of students.

© Copyright 2014 Milady, a part of Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied, or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part. The Master Educator Incorporates a variety of testing and evaluation methods to ensure learners reach the desired degree of competency. Develop test plans to ensure educational objectives are appropriately evaluated. Provide regular and thorough feedback to learners regarding achievement.

© Copyright 2014 Milady, a part of Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied, or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part. What’s in a Grade? “A step or stage in a course or process”; or “A number or letter that shows how well one has done.” What to grade? –Theory, Skills, Professionalism When to grade? –On the way (outcome evaluation) –At the gate (summative evaluation)

© Copyright 2014 Milady, a part of Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied, or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part. Grading Styles Grading by Disposition Grading with Spite Grading by Personal Fetish Grading without Risk (continues)

© Copyright 2014 Milady, a part of Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied, or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part. Grading Styles Grading by Assumption Grading In Absentia Grading Improvement Only Grading with Warm Fuzzies

© Copyright 2014 Milady, a part of Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied, or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part. The Test Plan Relevant material to course objectives “Weights” applied Test on content of lesson

© Copyright 2014 Milady, a part of Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied, or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part. True/False Questions Advantages –Lengthy test created in a short period of time. –Students can read and respond in a short period of time. Disadvantages –Student has 50% chance of success without knowledge. –Study may place into memory incorrect information.

© Copyright 2014 Milady, a part of Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied, or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part. Matching Items Advantages –Test recall, associations, and discriminations. –Allow chunking of important information. Disadvantages –One answer tends to cue another answer, whether correct or incorrect.

© Copyright 2014 Milady, a part of Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied, or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part. Essay Questions Advantages –Determine knowledge, comprehension, and analytical ability. Disadvantages –Inconsistency among educators.

© Copyright 2014 Milady, a part of Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied, or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part. Completion Items Advantage –Cover large amount of material in short amount of time. Disadvantage –Stem may give hints for correct answer.

© Copyright 2014 Milady, a part of Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied, or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part. Multiple Choice Advantages –Reduce guessing –Objective in scoring –Difficulty can be controlled –Can cover large amounts of material in short period of time –Used on national tests

© Copyright 2014 Milady, a part of Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied, or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part. Project-Oriented Evaluation Project assignments and assessments can be highly effective with adult learners who are independent and can work well alone or with partners or small groups. Materials and supplies are made available allowing students to use their creativity to design or devise a project that illustrates their understanding of a specific principle or concept. Evaluation occurs over time.

© Copyright 2014 Milady, a part of Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied, or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part. Descriptive Performance Evaluations Teacher-centered activity that allows educators to observe behavior of learners through a variety of methods.

© Copyright 2014 Milady, a part of Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied, or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part. The Likert Scale

© Copyright 2014 Milady, a part of Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied, or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part. The Rating Scale

© Copyright 2014 Milady, a part of Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied, or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part. The Checklist

© Copyright 2014 Milady, a part of Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied, or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part. Multiple Category Grading

© Copyright 2014 Milady, a part of Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied, or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part. Point Grading

© Copyright 2014 Milady, a part of Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied, or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part. Rubrics

© Copyright 2014 Milady, a part of Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied, or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part. Academic Advisement Topics for Advisement Regular Sessions Conference Planning –Identify areas needing improvement; provide documented evident; develop questions for self- evaluation; establish concrete goals for improvement; identify consequences; plan for concluding the conference.

© Copyright 2014 Milady, a part of Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied, or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part. Conference Purpose To bring about change and not intimidate or control the student. Conference procedure: outline all areas in which the learner is meeting or exceeding standards and define areas needing improvement; agree on a plan of action for improvement. Follow-up is critical.

© Copyright 2014 Milady, a part of Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied, or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part. Agreements or Contracts Verbal agreements are used to follow up on violations of classroom rules. A written contract adds meaning to the agreement.

© Copyright 2014 Milady, a part of Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied, or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part. Performance Meetings A private meeting with a student is the perfect opportunity to outline the areas where student is meeting or exceeding standards set forth for performance.

© Copyright 2014 Milady, a part of Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied, or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part. Plan of Action The educator and learner should agree on a plan of action to improve the areas that are not satisfactory.

© Copyright 2014 Milady, a part of Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied, or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part. Wrapping It Up Educators must be concerned with both theoretical and practical skills knowledge. Testing must be effective for measuring and evaluating student achievement. A variety of testing and evaluation methods must be used. Test plans must be implemented and subjectivity must be eliminated. Regular and thorough feedback must be provided.

© Copyright 2014 Milady, a part of Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied, or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part. In Retrospect Explain the purpose of grading. Explain what categories should be graded and when grading should occur. List the characteristics of 8 different types of grading styles. Describe a test plan. (continues)

© Copyright 2014 Milady, a part of Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied, or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part. In Retrospect List advantages and disadvantages of various types of questioning used in evaluation. Explain the purpose and use of Likert scales, rating scales, checklists, multiple-category grading, point grading and rubrics. Explain the basic principles and steps involved with academic advising of students.

© Copyright 2014 Milady, a part of Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied, or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part. Congratulations! You have completed twelve units of study toward completion of your instructor training program.