Three-state devices Multiplexers ECE 3110: Introduction to Digital Systems Chapter 6 Combinational Logic Design Practices Three-state devices Multiplexers
Three State Buffers/Drivers A buffer/inverter with enable input Buffer Buffer Inverter Inverter Active High Enable Active Low Enable Active High Enable Active Low Enable The device behaves like an ordinary buffer/inverter when the enable input is asserted. The output is floating ( High Impedance, Hi-Z ) when the enable input is deasserted ( The input is isolated from the output, behaves as if it did not exist) Application: Controlling the access of a single line/bus by multiple devices
Three-state buffers Output = LOW, HIGH, or Hi-Z. Can tie multiple outputs together, if at most one at a time is driven.
8 sources share a three-state party line
Timing considerations
Standard SSI/MSI 3-state buffers SSI: 74x125, 74x126 (independent enable inputs) MSI: 74x541 and varieties such as 74x540, 74x240, 74x241
Octal non-inverting 3-state buffer Hysteresis
Driver application
Three-state transceiver Pairs of 3-state buffers connected in opposite directions between each pair of pins, so data can be transferred in either direction. DIR determines the direction of transfer (A-->B or B-->A)
Transceiver application Bidirectional buses
Multiplexers (Mux) E.g. Put between Processor’s registers and ALU A 16-bit processor where 3-bit field specifies one of 8 registers. The 3-bit field is connected to the select inputs of an 8-input, 16-bit Mux. Select one of n sources of data to transmit on a bus.
MSI: 74x151 8-input 1-bit multiplexer
74x151 truth table
Other multiplexer varieties 2-input, 4-bit-wide 74x157 4-input, 2-bit-wide 74x153
Expanding Multiplexers 32-to-1 Mux
Demultiplexers A Mux is used to select one of n sources of data to transmit on a bus. A demultiplexer can be used to route the bus data to one of m destinations. Just the inverse of a mux. A binary decoder with an enable input can be used as a Demux. E.g. 74x139 can be used as a 2-bit, 4-output Demux.
Homework #8 (Due: 04/09/2007 ) Notes: On all timing calculation problems, describe the circuit path used and show each number in the calculation. Eg. Twct=T1+T2 T1=TpHL (specify inputs that are causing the transition, i.e. which row. Also show if you picked max or typical Tp values)
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