Standard Addressed: 11.6 Students analyze the different explanations for the Great Depression and how the New Deal fundamentally changed the role of the federal government. Learning Objectives: Section 5 - The Impact of the New Deal 1. Summarize opinions about the effectiveness of the New Deal. 2. Describe the legacies of the New Deal.

THE NEW DEAL AMERICA GETS BACK TO WORK

NEXT Section 5 The Impact of the New Deal The New Deal affects American society not only in the 1930s but also in the decades that follow.

New Deal Reforms Endure The New Deal Ends By 1937, economic improvement convinces many Depression is ending Congress wants to cut back programs; by 1939, New Deal over The Impact of the New Deal 5 SECTION NEXT Continued...

WWII ends the Great Depression

New Deal Reforms Endure The Impact of the New Deal 5 SECTION NEXT Supporters and Critics of the New Deal Conservatives think FDR made federal government too large - stifled free enterprise, individual initiative Liberals: didn’t do enough to socialize economy, end inequalities Supporters: did help country recover from economic difficulties Continued...

THE IMPACT OF THE NEW DEAL Conservatives felt FDR made government too large and too powerful Liberals countered that FDR socialized the economy because Americans needed help Over time, opinions about the merits of the New Deal and FDR have ranged from harsh criticism to high praise – usually along partisan lines

Chapter 15 Section 5 MAIN IDEA QUESTIONS A – Why did the industrial production drop and unemployment go up again in 1938? –Because, in response to pressure from Congress, FDR cut back on New Deal programs

Expanding Government’s Role in the Economy FDR expands power of federal government, president Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (FDIC) regulates banking Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) regulates investment New Deal does not end Depression; does reduce suffering, give hope Federal government goes deeply into debt to create jobs, give aid Massive spending on equipment, supplies for WW II end Depression 5 SECTION NEXT continued New Deal Reforms Endure Continued...

Protecting Workers’ Rights New Deal laws set standards, ban child labor, permit unions - establish policies followed today National Labor Relations Board (NLRB) still mediates labor disputes 5 SECTION NEXT continued New Deal Reforms Endure

Labor Wagner Act Fair Labor Standards Act National Relations Board Laws & AgenciesLasting Effects Standard for equal wages and hours Ban on Child labor Rights to organize and bargain collectively Government mediation of labor disputes Guided Reading:

5 SECTION NEXT Social and Environmental Effects The Rural Scene Commodity Credit Corporation makes loans to farmers - based on amount of farmer’s surplus, parity price Parity price—price intended to keep farmers’ income steady Agricultural price supports set precedent of federal aid to farmers Continued...

Agriculture and rural life Agricultural adjustment acts Soil Conservation Services Laws & AgenciesLasting Effects Aid to farmers Farm price supports Taught contour plowing Terracing Crop rotation Guided Reading:

5 SECTION NEXT continued New Deal Reforms Endure Banking and Finance SEC still monitors stock market, enforces laws on stock, bond sales FDIC still protects individual investors in case of bank failure

LEGACIES OF THE NEW DEAL Deficit spending has became a normal feature of government FDIC – banking insurance critical to sound economy Securities Exchange Commission -still monitors stock market, enforces laws on stock, bond sales

Banking and finance Securities and Exchange Commission Glass-Steagall Banking Act Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation Laws & AgenciesLasting Effects Monitoring of the stock market Federal enforcement of laws regarding the sale of stocks and bonds Insurance on bank accounts Guided Reading:

Social Security Federal government takes responsibility for citizens’ welfare Provides for aged, disabled, needy 5 SECTION NEXT Social and Environmental Effects Continued...

Social Security is a key legacy of the New Deal in that the Feds have assumed a greater responsibility for the social welfare of citizens since 1935

Chapter 15 Section 5 MAIN IDEA QUESTIONS B – Why was the establishment of the Social Security system such an important part of the New Deal? –The govt began accepting responsibility for providing assistance to needy members of society.

Social Welfare Social Security Act Laws & AgenciesLasting Effects Federal government acceptance of some responsibility for the social welfare of its citizens Old-age insurance programs Unemployment compensation Programs to aid families with dependent children and the disabled Guided Reading:

The Environment CCC plants trees, builds hiking trails, fire lookout towers Soil Conservation Service teaches methods to preserve soil Taylor Grazing Act reduces grazing on public lands Tennessee Valley Authority (TVA) creates electricity, prevents floods Government adds national parks, wildlife refuges, wilderness areas Government-sponsored strip-mining, coal burning cause pollution 5 SECTION NEXT continued Social and Environmental Effects

Chapter 15 Section 5 MAIN IDEA QUESTIONS C – How did New Deal programs benefit and harm the environment? –BENEFITED: with new trees, hiking trails, fire lookouts, soil conservation, flood control, national parks, wildlife refugees, and wilderness areas. –HARMED: with water, air, land pollution.

Environment Civilian Conservation Corps Soil Conservation Services Taylor grazing Act Tennessee Valley Authority Laws & AgenciesLasting Effects Programs protecting the nation’s natural resources, including farmland Prevention of floods and dust storms More national parks and wildlife refugees; pollution Guided Reading: