Chapter #1 Introduction to Science

Notes 1.1 What is science? Science is observing, studying, and experimenting to find the nature of things. 3 major branches of science 1.Biological (botany, zoology, ecology) 2.Physical (chemistry and physics) 3.Earth Science (geology, meteorology)

What is technology? It is using scientific knowledge for practical applications. Makes human life easier…cars, electricity, pencils, computers…

Hypothesis- educated guess. A scientific theory is an explanation that has been tested by repeated observation. Scientific Theories must 1.Explain observations simply and clearly 2.Experiments must be repeatable 3.You must be able to predict from the theory Theories can change

Scientific law states a repeated observation about nature. Describe by words or numbers. 1.Qualitative- describes in words 2.Quantitative- describes uses numbers or equations.

Equations Rectangle Area equation A=L x W Universal Gravitational Equation F=Gm 1 m 2 d 2 Do NOT need in notes

Model is a representation of an object or event that can be studied to understand the real object or event. Greek Theory ModelModern Theory Model

Notes 1.2 The scientific method is a way to organize your thinking about everyday questions as well as about questions that you might think of as scientific. Scientific Method Question Collect Data Form a Hypothesis Test the Hypothesis Observations Draw a Conclusion

Hypothesis- a possible answer that can be tested. An Educated guess. Variable: A variable is the factor that is being tested in an experiment. You should only have ONE variable.

Matter is anything that has mass and volume (occupies) space. Examples air, smoke, water vapor. Volume: is a measure of space, such as the capacity of a container.

Weight vs. Mass Weight is the pull of gravity on an object. Weight changes from place to place. Mass is the quantity of matter. Mass never changes. Astronauts in space. Is a good example to help you remember the difference….

Metric Conversions RULES: 1.Make the chart (Kind Hector Does Better During Classical Music) 2.Place # into the chart, put the DECIMAL POINT in the row with the STARTING UNITS. 3.Only 1 # per row 4.Decimal points are ALWAYS on the RIGHT SIDE of row and a # is on the left of that row 5.Move decimal point to the RIGHT SIDE of the row with the ENDING UNITS. Kilo Hecto Deca Base deci centi milli Meter Liter Grams

Notes 1.3 Accuracy refers to the agreement of a particular value with the true value.Accuracy refers to the agreement of a particular value with the true value. Precision refers to the degree of agreement among several measurements made in the same manner.Precision refers to the degree of agreement among several measurements made in the same manner. Neither accurate nor preciseNeither accurate nor precise Precise but not accuratePrecise but not accurate Precise AND accuratePrecise AND accurate

Line graph is best for displaying data that change. Independent variable is the one you chose the intervals for (x-axis) Bottom. Dependent variable is the one that depends what happens in the experiment (y-axis) Side.

Bar graph is useful when you want to compare data for several individual items or events.

Pie Charts is ideal for displaying data that are parts of a whole.

Scientific notation: is a value written as a simple number between 1 & multiplied by a power of 10. Examples = 6.5 x = 1.2 x = x 10 9

Work Cited “Cartoon”. Nov. 27, “What has science done Cartoon”. Nov. 27, “Greek cosmos”. Nov, 27, “Solar System”. Nov. 27, system/solar-system.jpg system/solar-system.jpg “Line Graph”. Dec. 3, manual/line-graph.gifhttp:// manual/line-graph.gif “Bar Graph”. Dec. 3, es/minialg1gt/11/1/1/minialg1gt_11_1_1_6_100/f-bargraph2.gif es/minialg1gt/11/1/1/minialg1gt_11_1_1_6_100/f-bargraph2.gif “Pie Chart w/ Pie types”. Dec. 3, “Pie Chart”. Dec. 3,