1. Introduction To Science
The Basics

2. Science If it cannot be answered it’s NOT science
Questions:
What is science and what is not?
Science is asking questions and performing tests to try to answer those questions
If it cannot be answered it’s NOT science
SC.912.N.2.3: What is science and what is not
SC.912.N.2.2: What types of questions are outside science.

3. Questions:
What is psuedo- science?
Why can some fields seem like science?
Pseudoscience - fields of study may seem like science because they use scientific information
Examples: Astrology and phrenology
SC.912.N.2.3 What is the difference between science
and pseudoscience

4. Science involves many skills like
Observing
Comparing
Communicating
Relating
Applying
It is NEVER about guessing or manipulating data
It is ALWAYS changing because of discoveries
Questions:
What type of skills are involved with science?
Why does science change?
SC What is science

5. Many discoveries contribute to society:
Questions:
How does science contribute to society?
Give an example of why society needs all info?
Many discoveries contribute to society:
In health fields
Other fields
All information about the discoveries needs to be given to the public so they can make good choices

6. Summary Section
What are two examples of questions that are outside of science but may seem like science?
Explain why some fields seem like science – use an example to explain your answer?
What is never done in science?
Why does science always change?
Give an example of why people need all information about a discovery?

7. Scientific Method
Questions:
Why is it important to use systematic studies
Scientists believe that the universe is based on rules
These rules can be discovered with systematic study
Scientific method

8. What are the steps of the scientific method?
Questions:
What are the steps of the scientific method?
What must be considered at each step?
Steps include
Make observation
Ask a question
Do research
Form a hypothesis
Test hypothesis
Analyze data and draw conclusions
Before publishing – it goes to a peer review
SC.912.N.1.1 Be able to use the scientific method
SC.912.N.1.4 Identify reliable resources
SC.912.N.1.6 How are inferences made from observation

9. When Doing Experiments
Questions:
What are the IV, DV, constants and controls and why are they important to determine before starting?
Many methods of test a question
Parts:
Independent variable
Dependent variable
Control
Constants
Use quantitative not qualitative data
SC.912.N.1.1 Use scientific method

10. What are some skills that must be included in an experiment and why?
Questions:
What are some skills that must be included in an experiment and why?
Models might be used
Data must be consistent, accurate, precise, and detailed
Organize data – in graphs and charts
Make detailed observations not inferences
Draw conclusions using data (inferences are drawn at this point)
LA Record info and ideas accurately and coherently noting reliable resources
SC.912.N.1.1 Use the scientific method
SC.N.1.6 How are inferences made from observations

12. Summary Section Why do scientists use the scientific method?
What are the steps of the scientific method?
Why must your resources be reliable and give an example of a good resource?
What is the difference between a dependent and independent variable?
Why are models used?
What does it mean when they say inferences are made from observations?

13. Taking Measurements Use the metric system MUST
Questions:
Why is the metric system used?
Use the metric system MUST
It is universal and based on multiples of 10
SC.912.N.1.1 Use the scientific method
LA Record info accurately and coherently

14. The Metric System The basic units used in science include:
Questions:
What are the base unit for each type of measure-ment?
When are each unit used?
The basic units used in science include:
Meters – length
Grams – mass
Liters – volume
Celsius - temperature
Use the most appropriate unit
Kilo Hecto Deka Base Deci Centi Mill
SC.912.N.1.1 Use the scientific method
MA.912.S.1.2 Use appropriate constant measurements

16. Use The Proper Graphs Line graphs Bar graphs Circle graphs Questions:
What are the different types of graphs and when are each used?
Line graphs
Bar graphs
Circle graphs
SC.912.N.1.1 Use scientific method
LA Organize to show relationships of facts and ideas
MA.912.S.3.2 Collect, organize and analyze data

17. Line Graphs – Change over time

18. Bar Graph

19. Circle Graphs – Parts to whole

20. Summary Section Why is the metric system used?
What are the base units for each type of measurement?
When is each unit in the metric system used?
Why is it important to appropriately collect, organize, and analyze the data collected?

21. Theories Questions: What is a theory?
When can it be revised or replaced?
A theory might be generated if there are enough tests to explain an observation
It can be revised or replaced
They will NEVER become laws
SC.912.N.3.1 Theory is a culmination of many investigations
and based on current knowledge
SC.912.N.3.4 Theories cannot become laws
SC.912.N.1.5 Example of how similar investigations from
different places and backgrounds result in the same results
SC.912.N.1.3 The strength of claims depend on thinking and
keeping in mind different views

22. Laws
Questions:
What is a law?
When can it be revised or replaced?
Why can’t a theory become a law and vise versa?
These state a repeated observation about nature with NO explanations
They are based on a consensus of scientists that agree on the stated observations
Laws will NEVER become theories
SC.912.N.3.4 The difference between a theory and law and
why can’t one change to the other
SC.912.N.1.5 Example of how similar investigations from
different places and backgrounds result in the same results
SC.912.N.1.3 The strength of claims depend on thinking and
keeping in mind different views

23. Summary Section What is the difference between a theory and a law?
Why can’t a theory become a law and vise versa?
Explain how similar investigations in other places can give the same results.
Explain why the strength of a claim is based on thinking and incorporating other peoples views.