Colonialism and Puritanism

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Presentation transcript:

Colonialism and Puritanism 1620-1740 The information in this PowerPoint corresponds with pages 10-14 in your textbook. Colonialism and Puritanism 1620-1740 American Literature – E302

E302 American Lit Core Novels 1855 1692 1926 1968 The Great Gatsby The Crucible The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn The Things They Carried 1952 1990 *Dates based on setting/date of publication

Literary Movements: 1620-1860 1800 1620 1692 1776 1860 1750 Salem Witch Trials Revolutionary Age The birth of America Romanticism Feeling & intuition over reason Puritanism (Colonialism) An independent spirit

The Literary Movement Pre-America – founded on European traditions brought to the New England colonies Forms of writing: histories diaries Chronicles poetry sermons: explanation of biblical quotation interpretation application to the life of the colony

Literary Characteristics (continued) Role of sermons: new argument in the ongoing theological debates a part of the political process scaring the congregation back into religious life Chronicles - describe the earthly in terms of the eternal Literal truth substituted with potential symbolic lesson No novels – they divert people’s attention from work Writing should have a practical purpose Belief in America being the “promised land” and Americans being the “chosen people” Frequent religious references Often plain style so that common people can understand

Puritans – Who were they? Puritan is a broad term referring to a number of Protestant groups who thought the Church of England was corrupt and sought to purify the faith. Religion is virtually inseparable from government Puritans wished to return to the simpler forms of worship and church organization that are described in the Christian Scriptures. Religion for the Puritans was a personal, inner experience. Puritans did not believe the gov. should or could act as an intermediary between the individual and God.

Puritan beliefs Came to America (new colonies) to escape persecution and build a new society patterned after God’s word. Center of Puritan theology is a mix of uncertainty and doubt. Certainties: Because of Adam and Eve’s sin of disobedience, most of humanity would be damned for all eternity; God in his mercy sent Jesus to save particular people Doubts: whether a certain individual was saved (the elect) or damned (unregenerate) People strived to be one of the saved by valuing self- reliance, industriousness, temperance, and simplicity.

Puritan Politics In the Puritan view a covenant, or contract, existed between God and humanity Puritans also believed people should enter freely into agreements concerning government (foundations of democracy). Puritans believed the saintly elect should have great influence on gov., so political views tended to be undemocratic (yes, a clear contradiction with the above).

The Bible in America Puritans saw the Bible as the literal word of God. Bible was the foundation of education. Puritans viewed their lives as a journey to salvation and looked for connections between their lives and biblical events. Their writing favored plain language and clarity of expression and lacked figures of speech

Puritan influence on schooling

Puritan influence on American Values Urge to succeed and exceed Belief that hard work necessary for happiness Cult of money -> money indicator (source of power) Conviction (belief) that Americans are the chosen people

Salem Witch Trials The Crucible is based on a true story and is written as a play. See pages 10 and 11 of your textbook for an overview. Background video: http://school.discoveryeducation.com/schooladventures /salemwitchtrials/story/

We will explore more background tomorrow… Webquest on background regarding Puritanism. Author Arthur Miller wrote the play The Crucible in the 1950s as a response to McCarthyism.