MASTITIS CONTROL, PREVENTION, AND TREATMENT IN GOATS Leo Timms Iowa State University Dairy Science Extension

GOAT MASTITIS Basic mastitis facts Mastitis detection Mastitis control Prevention Treatment

$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$ Occurs in every herd Decreased doe performance (milk) Milk discard costs Doe/ kid mortality and morbidity Doe replacement costs Labor costs Veterinary costs Feed costs (orphans)

MASTITIS % infected patho % infected species giving birth genecity wean/dry Dairy cow 40-50 +++ 40-60 Beef 40 ++ 30-40 Goats 30-40 + 20(W)- 70 M Sheep 30-40 + 20-30 Pigs 60-70% ++++ 0 Horse 0? --- 0 Human 0 --- higher than Birth

Inflammation: part of innate immunity BSA, Ig Nagase Na,Cl

Alpha-lactalbumin lactose NaCl BSA Ig Nagase ?

Fat % same Poor membrane More rancidity Plasmin Casein protein % same

99% of inflammation results from infection MASTITIS Inflammation of the mammary gland where inflammation is the reaction to tissue injury Redness Swelling Heat Pain Loss of function 99% of inflammation results from infection

TYPES OF MASTITIS Clinical: visual abnormalities (milk/udder/doe) - fever - loss of appetite - depression - death Chronic: - long duration - variable signs - contagious? - fibrosis (nodules): udder palpation Subclinical: * No visible signs *Special tests * Loss of function Mastitis types are correlated to organisms!!!

WEANING KIDDING ?

Inflammation: part of innate immunity BSA, Ig Nagase Na,Cl

HOW DO WE FIND IT IN MY HERD?

-Milk - udder - systemic * Cultures: Know your organisms MASTITIS DIAGNOSTICS “How do I look for (find mastitis)?” Clinical : -Milk - udder - systemic Udder Palpation Subclinical * Cultures: Know your organisms * SCC: CMT / Electronic

UDDER PALPATION

< 5% with clinical mastitis Take a sample for culture

KNOW YOUR ENEMY (germ warfare)

Mastitis: Detection and Interpretation April 15, 2004 April Boll

Mastitis Organisms Contagious Enviromental Spreads cow-to-cow Fomites – milker’s hands, equipment Survive poorly in environment Enviromental Found in feces, soil, bedding, etc. Cannot eliminate source of infection

Contagious Organisms Streptococcus agalactiae: Infected Cows Milking Time Subclinical / Chronic Very High, little self cure Easy, most abx work -Organism- -Source- -Spread- -Status- -Immune Cells- -Treatment- Staphylococcus aureus: Infected Cows / Wounds & Cuts Milking Time Subclinical / Chronic High, little self cure Difficult, resistance & abcesses

Contagious Organisms Respiratory Tract Blood Organism- Mycoplasma Source- Spread- Status- Immune Cells- Treatment- Mycoplasma Initially from the lungs; then from infected cows Milking Time Clinical / Acute Medium High, some self cure No treatment / vaccine, Cull & hope for self cure

Environmental Organisms Environmental Streps: Environment Clinical / Acute (few chronic) High, Self cure daily Usually effective, chronics hard -Organism- -Source- -Spread- -Status- -Immune Cells- -Treatment- Coliforms, E. coli & Klebsiella: Environment Clinical / Acute High, Easily killed by WBC

Opportunistic / Environmental Organisms Source- Spread- Status- Immune Cells- Treatment- Skin Staphs Skin May be chronic Low, 50% self cure Very susceptible to abx