Aim: How can we review for the Cycle 2 Final Exam? Do Now: Read the chart below and answer the two “Skill Builder” questions: Wednesday – January 15, 2014 Mr. Lombardi

Activity With ONE partner - use your notes to complete the Belief System Review Sheet 25 minutes.

Shinto Founder: No Founder Sacred Text/Book: No Sacred Text Geographic Location: Japan/Asia Teachings & Beliefs: 1. Worship Nature 2. Pray for good luck 3. Worship Kami Shinto is the native religion of Japan. Those who follow Shinto worship the Kami, they are the sacred spirits of Japan. Every day, many Japanese will go to Shinto shrines throughout the country to pray for good luck and ward off evil spirits. Shinto – means “way of the gods”. Respect/worship nature and ancestors. Kami – divine spirits that dwelled in nature.

Confucianism Founder: Confucius Sacred Text/Book: The Analects Geographic Location: China/Asia Teachings & Beliefs: The 5 Relationships: 1.father and son 2.elder brother and younger brother 3.husband and wife 4.older friend and younger friend 5.ruler and subject Golden Rule: "Do unto others as you would have them do unto you.” “I hear and I forget. I see and I remember. I do and I understand.”

Daoism Founder: Lao-zu Sacred Text/Book: The Way of Virtue and the Zhuang-Zi Geographic Location: China/Asia Teachings & Beliefs: 1.The Way of the Universe 2.Yin-Yang

Hinduism 1.Karma – the idea that each person is rewarded or punished by fate according to that person's actions. 2.Dharma – the moral balance of all things. 3.Reincarnation – being “born again” into a new life cycle. 4.Caste System – consists of five separate classes (castes) of people in India. 5.Polytheistic- The belief in more than one god. Hinduism is based on the concept of reincarnation. The soul moves up or down in the caste system depending on their behavior in life. Founder: There is NO founder Sacred Text/Book: The Vedas Geographic Location: India Teachings & Beliefs: 1.Reincarnation 2.Karma 3.Dharma

Buddhism Founder: Siddhartha Gautama Sacred Text/Book: No book Geographic Location: India/Asia Teachings & Beliefs: 1.Four Noble Truths 2.Eightfold Path 3.Harmony with nature 1.Four Noble Truths – the main teachings of Buddha: (1) all life is suffering, (2) the cause of suffering is temptation, (3) this temptation can be destroyed, (4) the means to this is the Eightfold Path. 2.Eightfold Path – eight steps followed by Buddhists to eliminate suffering.

Judaism Founder: Abraham Sacred Text/Book: Torah (Old Testament) Geographic Location: Middle East Teachings & Beliefs: 1.Ten Commandments 2.Monotheism: Belief in only one god. 3.Waiting for the messiah (do not believe Jesus is the Messiah/son of God).

Christianity Founder: Jesus and his followers Sacred Text/Book: Holy Bible (Old and New Testament) Geographic Location: Middle East Teachings & Beliefs: 1.Ten Commandments 2.Jesus Christ is the messiah and son of God. 3.Monotheism 4.Living an ethical life. Messiah: the savior of humankind. *Jews are still waiting for the messiah. *Christians believe Jesus was the messiah.

Islam Founder: The Prophet Muhammad Sacred Text/Book: Qur’an (Koran) Geographic Location: Middle East Teachings & Beliefs: 1.Allah (God) 2.Monotheism 3.Five Pillars of Islam: 1.Faith (worship Allah) 2.Prayer (5x per day) 3.Alms (payment to the poor) 4.Fasting (no eating/drinking during the month of Ramadan) 5.Pilgrimage (to Mecca) Hijira – the journey of Muhammad & his followers to Medina, known as the turning point of Islam.

Review Questions: 1. Which action is most closely associated with polytheism? a.Praying in a synagogue b.Accepting the Eightfold Path c.Worshipping many gods d.Reading the Koran 2. Which statement is true of the caste system in India? a.Members of different castes often intermarried b.Caste membership determined a person’s occupation c.The highest caste was composed of untouchables d.The caste system had little effect on daily village life

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Review Sheet 2: Classical Civilizations Read the Classical Civilizations review sheet. On the back of the paper, write one specific sentence for each key point in your own words. Whatever you do not finish in class must be finished at home. HW#10 – Complete your essay outline and bring it in tomorrow! STUDY! TOMORROW STARTS THE EXAM!