Chapter 16 Your Body Systems Lesson 8 Your Reproductive System Click for: >> Main Menu >> Chapter 16 Assessment Teacher’s notes are available in the notes section of this presentation. Next >>

When a male’s sperm cell joins with a female’s egg cell fertilization reproductive system The body system containing the organs that make possible the production of offspring sperm The male sex cell When an internal organ pushes against or through a surrounding cavity wall hernia Click to reveal the definitions. When a male’s sperm cell joins with a female’s egg cell fertilization

The release of one mature egg cell each month ovulation The release of one mature egg cell each month When the lining material, the unfertilized egg, and some blood flow out of the body menstruation menstrual cycle Hormonal changes that occur in females from the beginning of one menstruation to the next Click to reveal the definitions.

Comparing and Contrasting Make a list of similarities and differences between the male and female reproductive systems.

In this lesson, you will learn to identify the parts of the male and female reproductive systems. explain the three functions of the female reproductive system. identify problems of the male and female reproductive systems. describe ways to keep your reproductive system healthy.

The Reproductive System Unlike other body systems, the reproductive system is different for males and females. reproductive system The body system containing the organs that make possible the production of offspring

The Male Reproductive System During puberty, the testes produce testosterone and sperm. sperm The male sex cell The testes are the male reproductive glands. Testosterone is a male hormone.

The Male Reproductive System Epididymis Van Deferens Ejaculation Sperm mix with secretions from the seminal vesicles, the prostrate gland, and the Cowper’s gland. Semen is created. Sperm are stored in the epididymis, a network of tubes located behind the testes.

Problems of the Male Reproductive System Injury to the testes Testicular cancer Hernia Sexually transmitted diseases (STDs) Injury to the testes: Wearing appropriate protective gear during sports is one way to avoid injuring the testes. Testicular cancer: Testicular cancer is one of the most common cancers for males 14 to 34. Testicular cancer can spread to other parts of the body. It testicular cancer is detected and treated early, the person has an excellent chance of recovering. Hernia: The most common type of hernia, inguinal hernia, occurs when the intestine pushes into the scrotum. Hernias are mainly caused by incorrect lifting. A hernia appears as a lump or swelling in the groin or lower abdomen. Hernias are corrected by surgery. Sexually transmitted diseases (STDs) STDs are spread through sexual contact. Some STDs can cause sterility if left untreated. This means the person cannot produce offspring. hernia When an internal organ pushes against or through a surrounding cavity wall

The Female Reproductive System Three Functions of the Female Reproductive System Store egg cells Create offspring Give birth

The Female Reproductive System New life is formed through the process of fertilization. fertilization When a male’s sperm cell joins with a female egg Once fertilized, the egg travels from the fallopian tube to the uterus where it attaches to the wall of the uterus and begins to grow.

The Female Reproductive System The embryo becomes a fetus in about eight weeks. In approximately nine months, the fetus is mature and ready to be born.

The Menstrual Cycle During puberty, egg cells mature and are released by the ovaries in a process called ovulation. ovulation The release of one mature egg cell each month Just before one of the ovaries releases an egg cell, the uterus lining thickens. The uterus is getting ready to receive and nourish a fertilized egg.

The Menstrual Cycle If an egg is not fertilized, the uterus lining breaks down and is shed by the body through menstruation. menstruation When the lining material, the unfertilized egg, and some blood flow out of the body

This process is called the menstrual cycle. Menstruation usually lasts from 5 to 7 days and happens about every 28 days. This process is called the menstrual cycle. For most girls, menstruation begins anywhere from age 9 to age 16. During the first few years of menstruation, the menstrual cycle may be irregular. It is normal for females to have cramps before or during their period. menstrual cycle Hormonal changes that occur in females from the beginning of one menstruation to the next

Problems of the Female Reproductive System Infertility Ovarian cysts Sexually Transmitted Diseases (STDs) Infertility: This is the inability to get pregnant. It may be due to blocked fallopian tubes or a failure to produce eggs. Ovarian cysts: These are growths on the ovary. Symptoms of ovarian cysts include a feeling of heaviness in the abdomen and abdominal pain, swelling, and bloating. Sexually Transmitted Diseases (STDs): These are diseases spread through sexual contact.

Care of the Reproductive System Males Females Avoid wearing tight clothing. Check the testes monthly for lumps, swelling, or soreness. Perform a breast self-exam monthly for unusual lumps or thickening. Get regular physical exams. Keep a record of the menstrual cycle. During the period, change tampons or sanitary pads every four hours. See a doctor if you experience severe cramps or unusually heavy bleeding. Both Practice good hygiene by bathing or showering regularly. Abstain from sexual activity, which will protect you from STDs and unplanned pregnancy.

What I Learned Vocabulary What is fertilization? Lesson 8 Review the joining of a sperm cell and an egg cell

Lesson 8 Review What I Learned List What are three functions of the female reproductive system? store egg cells, create offspring, give birth

Lesson 8 Review What I Learned Describe Describe two ways to keep your reproductive system healthy. Any two: self-examinations, shower or bathe regularly, practice abstinence; males—avoid wearing tight clothing, wear an athletic protector, avoid steroids; for females—change tampons and pads frequently, record periods

What I Learned Identify What are the male sex cells called? Lesson 8 Review What I Learned Identify What are the male sex cells called? sperm cells

What I Learned Recall Name two female reproductive system problems. Lesson 8 Review What I Learned Recall Name two female reproductive system problems. Any two: toxic shock syndrome, cancer, infertility, ovarian cysts, STDs

Lesson 8 Review Thinking Critically Analyze How are the female and male reproductive systems similar? How are they different? Sample answer: Both produce and store reproductive cells. The structures are different in that male structures are external and female structures are internal.

Lesson 8 Review Thinking Critically Apply Mario will be the catcher this year on his baseball team. What special precautions does Mario need to take to prevent injury to his reproductive system? Mario should wear a protective cup.

Chapter 16 Your Body Systems End of Lesson 8 Your Reproductive System Click for: >> Main Menu >> Chapter 16 Assessment