Cryogenik waste heat utilization for DESY and European XFEL 2nd Workshop on Energy for Sustainable Science at Research Infrastructurs Jens-Peter Jensen, Eva Leister Energy for Sustainable Science Genf,

Jens-Peter Jensen, Eva Leister | Energy for Sustainable Science | | page 2 DESY campus

Jens-Peter Jensen, Eva Leister | Energy for Sustainable Science | | page 3 DESY premises heat distribution XFEL cryogenics plant district heating transfer station XFEL injector Heat distribution pipes 110 °C (red) Heat pipes 80 °C (blue)

Jens-Peter Jensen, Eva Leister | Energy for Sustainable Science | | page 4 Energy foot print of DESY and XFEL DESY premises in 2015 ff > Electrical energy: 160 GWh, 25 MW > Heating energy: 20 GWh, 10 MW > Dominated by the accelerators and experimental halls XFEL operation at 10 Hz in 2016 ff > Electrical energy:120 GWh, 20 MW > Heating energy: 10 GWh, 5 MWSchenefeld premises > Cryogenics electrical energy at 10 Hz: 24 GWh/a  Heating demand is predominant on the Schenefeld and Osdorf premises  XFEL cryogenic plant is on the DESY premises, ex HERA cryogenics plant > XFEL cryogenics waste heat utilization possible for DESY premises

Jens-Peter Jensen, Eva Leister | Energy for Sustainable Science | | page 5 Cryogenics

Jens-Peter Jensen, Eva Leister | Energy for Sustainable Science | | page 6 Coldbox Dewar Subcooler oil seperator compressors air cooler He preheater The helium-heater is only used when the subcooler is cooling down or heating up. Helium Oil Breox B35 Oil-Helium mixture 6 K 300 K 40°C 75°C XFEL modules tunnel injector Cryogenic Plant Functionality 50°C heat exchanger to the heat distribution return pipe

Jens-Peter Jensen, Eva Leister | Energy for Sustainable Science | | page 7 Oilsystem of the XFEL Cryogenic Plant heat exchanger for cryogenics waste heat utilization air/oil cooler low pressure compressors

Jens-Peter Jensen, Eva Leister | Energy for Sustainable Science | | page 8 Temperature Plot of the Breox Oil in 2012 average: 70,2 °C oil temperature of the high pressure compressor in 2012

Jens-Peter Jensen, Eva Leister | Energy for Sustainable Science | | page 9 Heat emission of 1 street of the cryogenic plant in 2012 average value: 823 kW

Jens-Peter Jensen, Eva Leister | Energy for Sustainable Science | | page 10 District heating transfer station UST 48 UST 8 UST 47 UST 28c UST 49 UST 72 UST 24UST 30 UST 25b3 UST 25 UST 25c UST 1d UST 54 UST 2 UST 1a UST 7 UST 5 UST 10 UST 16 UST 17 UST 3b UST 3 UST 80b UST 62 UST 64 UST 69 UST 67 UST 67-2 UST UST CFEL 46 UST ZOQ 45 4a UST CSSB 3a UST 11a UST Nanolab 20a UST FLASHII UST PXN 22 Vattenfall district heat supply Heat Distribution Sceme of DESY Premises XFEL cryogenic UST = heat substation cuts for calculations exist access to heat distribution

Jens-Peter Jensen, Eva Leister | Energy for Sustainable Science | | page 11 Simulation Models for MATLAB/Simulink district heat transfer station heat substation heat pipesheat exchanger of the cryogenic plant

Jens-Peter Jensen, Eva Leister | Energy for Sustainable Science | | page 12 Classified Heat Load Curve of street of the cryogenic plant 2 streets of the cryogenic plant DESY heat consumption ,9 GWh/a

Jens-Peter Jensen, Eva Leister | Energy for Sustainable Science | | page 13 Results of Cryogenic Heat Utilization 1 street2 streets heat extraction4,6 GWh/a7,0 GWh/a cost savings 1) €/a €/a payback period 2) 2,6 a1,7 a cash value after 10 years 3) € € CO 2 -Emission 4) t-CO 2 /a1.669 t-CO 2 /a 1)price for district heat: 0,05 €/kWh 2)investment costs: 592 k€ 3)refunding rate: 10 % 4)district heat: 238 g CO 2 /kWh

Jens-Peter Jensen, Eva Leister | Energy for Sustainable Science | | page 14 Waste Heat Utilization from the XFEL Water Cooling Pump House DESY campus Pump House Schenefeld

Jens-Peter Jensen, Eva Leister | Energy for Sustainable Science | | page 15 cooling towers klystrons: 7500 kW magnets: 500 kW compression chiller air conditioning: 800 kW electronic racks: 200 kW (water cooled) heat exchanger 30°C 8°C 20°C summer T air >16°C winter T air <16°C heat exchanger Water Cooling of XFEL Injector and Main Linac XTL 45°C 14°C 30°C 18°C 28°C 25°C 40°C Electronic rack cooling in winter

Jens-Peter Jensen, Eva Leister | Energy for Sustainable Science | | page 16 District heating transfer station UST 48 UST 8 UST 47 UST 28c UST 49 UST 72 UST 24UST 30 UST 25b3 UST 25 UST 25c UST 1d UST 54 UST 2 UST 1a UST 7 UST 5 UST 10 UST 16 UST 17 UST 3b UST 3 UST 80b UST 62 UST 64 UST 69 UST 67 UST 67-2 UST UST CFEL 46 UST ZOQ 45 4a UST CSSB 3a UST 11a UST Nanolab 20a UST FLASHII UST PXN 22 Vattenfall district heat supply Heat Distribution Sceme of DESY Premises XHMP waste heat pump UST = heat substation cuts for calculations

Jens-Peter Jensen, Eva Leister | Energy for Sustainable Science | | page 17 Waste Heat Pump Calculation > Heat pump: 630 kW, T cond = 85 °C, T vap = 40 °C > Heat is transferred into the heat distribution return pipe > Investment costs are 725 k€ > Without heat utilization from the cryogenics 1 heat pump heat economy4,6 GWh/a cost savings 1) €/a payback period 2) 9,8 a Cash value after 10 years 3) € CO 2 -Emission 4) 745 t-CO 2 /a 1) price for district heating: 0,05 €/kWh electricity: 0,15 €/kWh 2) investment costs: € 3) adequate target rate: 10 % 4) district heating: 238 g-CO 2 /kWh elecricity: 336 g-CO 2 /kWh

Jens-Peter Jensen, Eva Leister | Energy for Sustainable Science | | page 18 Conclusion Cooling water waste heat utilization with heat pump > The most waste heat goes into the cooling water > The cooling water temperatures are to low for direct transfer into the heat distribution pipes > One needs a heat pump to boost the temperature > The savings does not pay back the invest and service costs and > The XFEL pump house XHMP is near the cryogenics hall > The heat pump is in competition with the cryogenics > This makes it even more uneconomic

Jens-Peter Jensen, Eva Leister | Energy for Sustainable Science | | page 19 Conclusion XFEL Cryogenic oil waste heat utilization The utilization of the oil waste heat pays back after 2 – 3 years Heat pump utilization to boost low temperatures does not pay