Cholera ( 霍亂 )

Route of trasmission eating food or drinking water contaminated with Vibrio cholerae from other cholera patients. The major reservoir for cholera is humans Aquatic environments can serve as reservoirs of the bacteria.

General Symtoms Approximately 1 in 20 infected persons has severe disease characterized by: profuse watery diarrhea ( 水樣腹瀉 ),diarrhea vomiting, and ( 嘔吐 ) leg cramps. ( 抽筋 ) In these persons, rapid loss of body fluids leads to dehydration and shock. Without treatment, death can occur within hours.dehydrationshock

General Treatments in HK An easily treatable disease Oral rehydration main ingredients: sodium, potassium, chloride, bicarbonate, glucose patients with mild to moderate cholera Added saline In especially severe cases, the most important treatment principle is timely and quantitative fluids.

General Treatments in HK(II) Antimicrobial therapy An important complementary measures can reduce fluid loss and shorten the course of treatment, but does not replace rehydration.

Preventive Measures All materials that come in contact with cholera patients should be sterilized by washing in hot water using chlorine bleach if possible. Hands that touch cholera patients or their clothing etc should be thoroughly cleaned. Drink only water that have boiled, or that have treated with chlorine or iodine.