Properties of Matter Big Idea 8 SC.4.P.8.1 Department of Mathematics and Science Office of Academics and Transformation

Benchmark Descriptions SC.4.P.8.1 – Measure and compare objects and materials based on their physical properties including: mass, shape, volume, color, hardness, texture, odor, taste, and attraction to magnets.

What is matter? Matter is everything around you, including you! Matter is what all things are made of.

Solids A solid has its own shape. A solid does not change unless you cut, bend, or break it. Solids take up space and have mass.

Liquids Liquids do not have their own shape. Liquids take the shape of their container. Liquids take up space and have mass.

Gases Gases have no definite size or shape. Gases take the shape of its container. A gas will fill all the space inside a container. Gases take up space and have mass.

Water is matter. Did you know it comes in all 3 forms? A Solid A Liquid A Gas water vapor water ice

Matter has certain properties. Properties are the characteristics of matter, how something looks or feels. Matter can have color. Matter can be different sizes. Matter can have different shapes. Matter can have texture. Matter can be rigid or bendable. Matter also takes up space and has mass.

Solid Liquid Gas

Solid Liquid Gas Has definite shape Particles are close together and slow moving Has volume http://www.chem4kids.com/files/matter_solid.html

Solid Liquid Gas Has a definite shape Takes on shape of container Particles are close together and slow moving Particles are farther apart and faster-moving Has volume http://www.chem4kids.com/files/matter_liquid.html

Solid Liquid Gas Has a definite shape Takes on shape of container Does not have definite shape Particles are close together and move slowly Particles are farther apart and faster moving Particles are farthest apart and move rapidly Has volume Expands to take up whatever space is available http://www.chem4kids.com/files/matter_gas.html

States of Matter Demonstration http://www.harcourtschool.com/activity/states_of_matter/index.html http://www.chem4kids.com/files/matter_states.html http://www.chem4kids.com/files/matter_changes.html

Review Questions 1. What are the 3 forms of matter? Solids, Liquids and Gases 2. A solid has a definite shape. True or False True 3. A liquid has a definite shape. True or False False. A liquid has a definite size, but it takes the shape of its container. 4. A gas has a definite shape. True or False False. A gas has no definite size or shape, because it fills all the space of its container. 5. What are some properties of matter? color, size, shape, texture, odor, attraction to magnets, mass, hardness, taste, and volume

Physical Properties of Matter Qualitative vs. Quantitative

Qualitative Five Senses Sight - Looks Touch - Feels Hearing – Sounds when moving… Odor – Smells Tastes

How can we group these objects?

One property is color. Red Yellow Color Green

A second property is size. Small objects Size Large objects

A third property is shape. Squares Triangles Circles Shape

We can group objects if they are rigid or bendable. Bendable means that the matter can bend, curve, or turn. Rigid means that the matter cannot bend, it is stiff. Can you name something that is rigid and something that is bendable?

Which objects are rigid? Which objects are bendable?

These objects are rigid. These objects are bendable.

Quantitative Measurement Tools Ruler Tape measure Balance Spring Scale Graduated cylinder Thermometer

Mass Triple Beam Balance Pan Balance Balance Quantitative Grams are units used to measure volume of a liquid. Triple Beam Balance Pan Balance Centimeter Cubes Balance Gram Pieces

Quantitative Volume Milliliter or Liter are units used to measure volume of a liquid. Beakers Graduated Cylinders Graduated Beakers Measuring Spoons Measuring Cups

Temperature Degrees (°F) Quantitative Temperature Degrees (°F) Fahrenheit is a unit used to measure temperature. Degrees (°C) Celsius is a unit used to measure temperature. Thermometer

Weight Ounces, pounds are units used to measure weight of an object. Quantitative Ounces, pounds are units used to measure weight of an object. Personal Scale Spring Scale Single Pan Scale

Quantitative Length or Distance Meter, centimeter are units used to measure the distance an object travels. Stopwatch (timing device) Meter Stick Trundle Wheel Tape Measure Ruler

Matter Jeopardy

Game Rules Games Rules Name of Matter? Select an object from the tray. List the both qualitative and quantitative properties (begin with the most obvious properties). Use your five senses to identify the qualitative properties. Use the appropriate measurement tools to discover quantitative properties. Give descriptions to other group as they try to guess the object based on the properties. Qualitative: Sink/Float? Attracted to a Magnet? Other observations that will help identify this matter (use your five senses). Quantitative: Mass? Volume? Linear Measure?

Resources http://images.search.yahoo.com http://office.microsoft.com/clipart