Characteristics of Weekend Travel in the City of Calgary: Towards a Model of Weekend Travel Demand JD Hunt, University of Calgary DM Atkins, City of Calgary 17 th Annual EMME/2 User Conference Calgary AB, Canada October 2003

Introduction Motivations Background Weekend Travel Characteristics Times Generation, Modes Purposes Model Form Conclusions Outline Provide an Overview

Introduction; Motivations Need weekend coverage for complete coverage total benefits total emissions Acknowledge travel patterns different from weekdays Identify present and future conditions for weekend some congestion on Saturdays in particular Develop transport policy for weekend infrastructure development transit service design

Weekday

Saturday

Sunday

Introduction; Background Have weekday travel model aggregate, equilibrium approach 25 segments nested logit choice structure EMME/2-based consumer benefits for travellers

Introduction; Background Have observations of travel behaviour on weekends part of Household Activity Survey (HAS) 8,400 households in total 2,200 households concerning weekend travel all trips over 100m Developing weekday commercial movements model Seeking to be consistent in treatment of weekends develop spec for weekend model develop spec for weekend model

Weekend Travel Characteristics; Weekday vs Saturday vs Sunday Excluding holiday periods At 13 permanent count stations combined Saturday traffic volume 78% of AAWT Sunday traffic volume 64% of AAWT Saturday and Sunday patterns over day very similar Consider a single typical weekend day in model?

Weekend Travel Characteristics; Home to Work Purposes Generation much lower on weekends Mode split on weekends: less transit and P+R more auto passenger and walk

Weekend Travel Characteristics; Home to School Purposes Generation much lower on weekends Mode split on weekends: Saturday and Sunday different Saturday: less transit, school bus, P+R and auto passenger more auto driver, walk and cycle Sunday: less auto passenger and walk no cycle, P+R and school bus more auto driver and transit

Weekend Travel Characteristics; Home to Shopping Purposes Generation much greater on weekends Mode split on weekends: less auto driver and transit more auto passenger

Weekend Travel Characteristics; Home to Other Purposes ‘Other’ excludes work, school and shopping Generation somewhat greater on weekends Mode split on weekends: less auto driver and transit more auto passenger

Weekend Travel Characteristics; Home to Other Purposes 2 basic kinds of ‘Other’ Other-1 attracted to retail employment Other-2 attracted to population Other-1 includes: shopping eating out entertainment / leisure medical / financial Other-2 includes: school religious / civic exercise social

Shopping Activity Locations

Social Activity Locations

Weekend Travel Characteristics; Non-Home-Based Trips Generation on weekends: bit more on Saturdays bit less on Sundays Mode split on weekends: highly dominated by auto throughout less walking (fewer weekday work lunch-time trips)

Weekend Travel Characteristics; Activities Shift on weekends: away from work and school to leisure, shopping and other activities Less regular on weekends – less transit More family groups on weekends – more auto passenger About as much time spent travelling on Saturday as a weekday, bit less on Sunday

Model Form Consistency with Weekday Model Aggregate, equilibrium approach Range of segments – about 25 or so Nested logit choice structure for each segment EMME/2-based

Model Form Segments Separate person types based on transit fares driving opportunities equity considerations Separate purposes based on regularity compulsory / discretionary behaviour Combine ‘Adult Worker’, ‘Adult Worker need car at work’, and ‘Adult Other’ categories used in weekday model work distinction less important as work less prevalent mode choice dominated by auto

Model Form Times of Day Represent peak and off-peak conditions Several options one peak: 12:00-16:00 peak spreading: 2 shoulders either side along with peak Expect greater elasticity in time of day choice less compulsory in time Still undecided, need to trade-off between representation of conditions near large retail areas number of time periods

Conclusions Travel behaviour different on weekends appropriate to have different model One day for Saturday and Sunday combined not as accurate not more complex than weekday model Segmentation: 2 Categories of ‘Other’ Purposes based on attractors at destination end 1 Category of Adult Person Type reduced role of work and need car at work

Conclusions Exciting times ‘unknown territory’, still lots of questions a way ahead much more comprehensive modelling provided Look forward to reporting in future