發音練習 授課老師：胡若菊 98 學年度第一學期 班級：進修學院四技在職專班應外四甲

Unit 1 Introduction Phonetic Symbols --Vowels --Consonants

Unit 2 Assessing students’ pronunciation priorities --Syllables -- Word stress --Important endings --Missing sounds --Reduced speech --Focus words --Phrases --Thought groups

Unit 3 Pronunciation basics -- intonation (speech melody) -- thought groups -- focus words -- final sounds -- linking -- speech rhythm

Unit 4 Stressing syllables -- example: DEsert/desERT,MESsage/masSAGE ‧ Unstressed syllables and schwa vowels -- example: DOZen, HUman, aBOUT ‧ Compound nouns -- example: cheese/burger=> cheeseburger baby/sitter=> babysitter

Unit 5 Prefixes and suffixes -- for example: -sion -tion -ic/-ical -ian -ary/-ery -logy -ity -tal -ium/imum -graphy -cian -cial -able/-ible

Unit 6 Phrasal Verbs --Examples: Put ON your hat. Clean UP the mess. Take OFF your shoes. ‧ Song exercises --word stress --descriptive phrases --important endings: “ed” and final “s” --Song lyrics

Unit 7 Speech rhythm -- Stress and Unstress -- Tap the rhythm -- Match the rhythm -- Identifying stressed words

Unit 8 Weather report Contrast the basic pattern with changes in focus. Examples: -- a. What’s the matter? I can’t find my KEYS. -- b. Give me your keys, and I’ll move your car. I can’t FIND my keys.

Unit 9 Conversation Strategies -- Use eye contact -- Look for clues that your listener does not understand what you are -- Don’t be afraid to ask to make sure you are being understood -- When your listener asks what? You probably need to do something more than repeat what you said. -- Provide extra information -- Pay attention to the stressed words -- Talk more slowly in English than you do in your native languages -- Find out how to pronounce frequently misunderstood words and phrases. -- Don’t worry about your mistakes

Unit 10 Vowels and speech music --Unstress: Shortening the vowels in weak syllables --Reductions and Schwa Vowels: Reducing structure words --The difference between can and can’t

Unit 11 Conversation with melody --Example: 1.A: Have you seen Snowball? B: Huh? ↗ (meaning lack of understanding) 2.A: My cat! Have you see my cat? B: Uh-uh! (meaning no) 3.A: I can’t find her anywhere in the house. B: Oh! ↗ (meaning mild surprise) 4.A: She’s been missing since yesterday. B: Oh! ↘ ( meaning mild pain or discomfort, empathy)

Unit 12 Guidelines for intonation 1. The focus word always changes pitch. --Examples: Throw the ball to the CATCHer.(step) He’s in the CAR.(glide) 2. One word in each thought group jumps up to the highest pitch. --Examples: The proFESsor was LATE. I SAT on the BLACK CHAIR. 3. Falling intonationsounds finished. --Examples: We waited for the MAIL. I forgot my NOTEBOOK.

Unit 13 Meaning pauses Examples: -- one 22” fish/ twenty 2” fish -- fifty-one-dollar raffle tickets/ fifty one-dollar raffle tickets -- the computer software and keyboard/ the computer, software, and keyboard -- a car, phone, and tape deck/ a car phone and tape deck

Unit 14 Voiced and voiceless sibilants Examples: -- The bus is on time. -- The buses are late. -- Push ahead! -- She pushes the stroller.