EU’s Common Security and Defence Policy European External Action Service Crisis Management and Planning Directorate EU’s Common Security and Defence Policy Walter Stevens, CMPD Director

Common Security and Defence Policy a relatively new policy: just 10 years old developing rapidly: 24 operations launched since 2003 EU’s comparative advantage : comprehensive approach (3Ds: Diplomacy / Development / Defence-Security) about increasing European capabilities, including: Battlegroups, Defence Agency, Operations Centre, Civilian “OHQ”, Civilian Response Teams an ‘open project’ - fostering partnerships with the UN, NATO, AU, OSCE and partner countries

Military and Civilian Missions in CSDP framework (ongoing - 9) civilian (finished - 8) EUMM GEORGIA EUPT KOSOVO EUPM ALTHEA military (ongoing - 3) EUJUST THEMIS EULEX KOSOVO EUPAT EUPOL AFGHANISTAN military (finished - 4) EUPOL PROXIMA CONCORDIA EUPOL COPPS EUJUST LEX EUBAM RAFAH Support AMIS ALTHEA EUFOR TCHAD/RCA AMM EU SSR GUINEA BISSAU ARTEMIS EU NAVFOR ATALANTA EUSEC RD CONGO EUPOL RD CONGO EUTM SOMALIA EUPOL KINSHASA EUFOR RD CONGO

CSDP – essential element of Crisis Management political Economy Trade Geographical Desks Commission CSDP Rule of Law Diplomacy Comprehensive Approach Development Defence/Security

Comprehensive Approach – an example: Horn of Africa Peace, security, conflict prevention and resolution Financial support to AMISOM (€10-15m per year) Mitigation of the effects of insecurity in the region EUTM Somalia EUNAVFOR ATALANTA Poss. CSDP Regional Maritime Capacity Building Mission Support to implementation of regional counter-piracy and maritime capacity building strategy (Mauritius Oct 2010) Critical Maritime Routes Project Democratic and accountable state structures Political and financial support to Transitional Federal Institutions (TFI) Poverty reduction, economic growth and prosperity Regional cooperation Appointment of EU Special Representative Other Funding: eg 10th European Development Fund (2008 – 2013) - € 2 Bn

CMPD – mission and output Contribute to building a more secure and stable neighborhood, further developed crisis response capabilities and a closer relationship with partners through: effective and integrated, early advance, political-strategic crisis management planning, joint civilian-military crisis management capabilities development and an active CSDP partnerships policy, while ensuring coherence of CSDP actions with the agreed political strategic objectives and the effectiveness of EU action as part of a comprehensive approach Key areas of output: Crisis Management Concepts (RMCB, SAHEL, SOUTH SUDAN, [Libya]); Strategic Reviews of CSDP missions (Kosovo, Iraq, Afghanistan, Broader Middle East); Action Plans (fight against piracy) Agreements with partners for participation in CSDP missions/operations; NATO - EU capability development dialogue; Concept and policy papers (SSR, Border Management, strengthening ties between CSDP and FSJ, exercises..); Reports, briefings and speaking points on all CSDP matters; Training and Lessons learned (Human rights in CSDP missions, SSR in Congo,...).

Working with Partners Globalized and interconnected world; cooperation is essential United Nations African Union NATO United States, Canada, non-EU European Allies and candidate countries to the EU Other Strategic Partners: Russia, China, India, Japan, Brazil, South Africa Partners from EU’s Eastern and Southern neighbourhood

Partnership with the United Nations Supporting the UN: key element of EU engagement in the field of CSDP EU political commitment to UN, 2003/2007 high level declarations Mutual benefits UN – EU: legitimacy from UN, credibility & capability from EU EU concrete cooperation with UN: EUFOR BiH took over from UN operation Artemis (DRC), EUFOR DRC: EU supported UN with EU autonomous op. EUFOR Chad: UN MINURCAT took over from EU EULEX Kosovo: after UNMIK reconfiguration Atalanta: EU contributes to enforce UN resolutions against piracy

Partnership with NATO Dialogue Between EU High Representative and NATO Secretary-General as well as staff-to-staff Between Political and Security Committee and North Atlantic Council EU and NATO Military Committees EU-NATO Capability Group Specific Areas of Co-operation Missions and Operations: ALTHEA, ATALANTA, EUPOL Afghanistan, EULEX Kosovo, Darfur Supporting Action Military Capability Development (aim: avoid unnecessary duplication, EU pooling & sharing / NATO Smart Defence) Exercises

Working with Partner Countries CONTRIBUTION TO CSDP MISSIONS / OPERATIONS Overall, 26 Partners participated in 17 missions and operations (currently 13 are contributing to 8 missions / operations) Legal basis: ad hoc or framework agreements Committee of Contributors: knowledge-sharing forum Financial implications DIALOGUE / ACTIVITIES Formal and informal dialogue on crisis management in various fora Exercises, training, seminars CONTRIBUTION TO CAPABILITIES DEVELOPMENT Battlegroups (through coop. with EU Member States) European Defence Agency (Administrative Arrangement required) Voluntary contributions to the Supplement to Force Catalogue

QUESTIONS?