Lesson 9 Education of Canada， Australia and New Zealand 1. Education In Canada 2. Education in Australia 3. Education in New Zealand Unit 6 Economy – Lesson 13

Education In Canada

History Of Education Canada In the 17th century education was usually an informal process in which skills and values were passed from one generation to the next by parents, relatives and older siblings. Four hundred years later, informal learning has become an adjunct to extensive systems of formal schooling under the jurisdiction of provincial governments.

History Of Education Canada During the French regime in Canada, the process of learning was integrated into everyday life. the family was the basic unit of social organization and the main context within which almost all learning took place.

History Of Education Canada Formal instruction for females was quite limited and usually did not extend beyond religious instruction and skills such as needlework. The history of education in Canada, as in other Western countries, has involved the growth of formal instruction funded by taxes and supervised by the state. This growth resulted from concern about cultural, moral and political behaviour, from changing concepts of childhood and the family, and from the general reorganization of society into institutions.

History Of Education Canada Prairie School Coldridge School, circa 1905

Education System In Canada Canadian children attend kindergarten for one or two years at the age of four or five on a voluntary basis. All children begin Grade One at about six years of age. The school year normally runs from September through the following June but in some instances, January intake dates are possible.

Education System In Canada Secondary schools go up to Grades 11or 12, depending on the province. Students may attend university, college or General and Vocational Education, and is two years of general or three years of technical education between high school and university.

The Cost of Studying in Canada Studying in Canada is not free, but it is affordable. The average cost for a foreign student for one school year (8 months) in an undergraduate program is C$11,903

Education in Australia School attendance is compulsory throughout Australia. All children receive 11 years of compulsory education from the age of 6 to16 (Year 1 to 10), contribution to an adult literacy rate that is assumed to be 99 per cent. A preparatory year prior to Year 1, although not compulsory, is almost universally undertaken.

Education in Australia In the Programme for International Student Assessment, Australia regularly scores among the top five of thirty major developed countries (member countries of the Organisation for Economic Co-operational and Development.) Government grants have supported the establishment of Australia’s 38 universities; all but one is public. OECD（Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development） places Australia as among the most expensive nations to attend university.

Education in New Zealand Education in New Zealand is compulsory between the age of 6 and 16, and tuition in state schools is free to New Zealand residents. But state schools charge frees to foreign students. Children living in areas too isolated for them to attend school, or who can’t attend for medical or other reasons, are able to receive education by taking correspondence courses. At primary and secondary school levels, parents may choose to send their children to state or to private schools or, under certain circumstances, educate their children at home.

two-and-a-half to four-year-olds Many parents like their children to play and learn with others in their community before starting primary school. Creches托儿所 a few week old child Kindergartens two-and-a-half to four-year-olds Kohanga reo (language nests) Encouraging children to use the Maori language Pacific Island early childhood centres Encouraging language and cultural valuse

Primary school education is compulsory for children from six years of age, but most New Zealand children start at the age of 5. Children spend about two years in the infant classes. They then progress through Standards 1 to 4 and, in some schools. Form 1 and 24. In some areas children aged about 11-13 attend an intermediate school for two years , in Forms 1 and 2, bridging primary. And secondary education. If there is no intermediate school in the area, this education continues in Forms 1 and 2 at primary school.

At about the age of 12-13, children enter one of about 350 secondary schools, usually called colleges or high schools. In 2002 the National Certificate of Educational Achievement replaced the School Certificate and University Entrance. Exams in Forms 3,4 and 5 contribute to this Certificate. The largest school in New Zealand, the Correspondence School, provides distance educating for students from early childhood upwards.

There are nine universities in New Zealand: Auckland, Auckland University of Technology, Canterbury (Christchurch), Lincoln (near Christchurch), Massey (Wellington, Palmerston North, and Albany near Auckland), Otago (Dunedin), Victoria (Wellington), Waikato (Hamilton) and one Maori university.

Auckland University

Otago Universit（奥塔哥大学）是新西兰最古老的一所大学