Section 11.1 Your Skeletal System Objectives Identify the five main roles of the skeletal system. Explain how you can keep your skeletal system healthy.

Functions of the Skeletal System Your skeletal system has five main roles. provides support protects internal organs allows your body to move stores and produces materials that your body needs

Support and Protection Your skeleton is made up of all the bones in your body. *Your skeleton gives your body its basic shape and provides the support that you need. *Many bones of the skeletal system protect internal organs. Support: Gives body basic shape, support against outside forces (walking, running, car crashes) Backbone (Vertebral Column is made up of 33 bones called vertebrae Proctection: Ribs and Sternum (Breastbone) protect heart and lungs

Movement *In coordination with your muscular and nervous systems, your skeletal system allows you to move. Movement: Support for movements, works in combination with the muscular system.

Storage and Production of Materials *Your bones store essential substances which are released when other parts of the body need them. *Some bones also produce blood cells. Storage and Production of Materials: Bones store essential substances (phosphorus and calcium) which are released when the body needs them. Some bones Sternum and femur for example make blood cells.

The Skeletal System Skull 1) Sternum (breastbone) 9 1) Sternum (breastbone) 10 1 2) Vertebral column (backbone) 11 12 3) Carpals 12) Ribs 2 13 4) Metacarpals 13) Radius 15 14 5) Phalanges 14) Ulna 3 4 6) Tarsals 15) Pelvic girdle 5 16 7) Metatarsals 16) Femur 8) Phalanges 17) Patella 17 18 9) Clavicle (collarbone) 18) Fibula 19 10) Scapula (shoulder blade) 19) Tibia 6 7 11) Humerus 8

Development of Bones Your bones are living structures that undergo change throughout your life. Cartilage is a tough supportive tissue that is softer and more flexible than bone. By young adulthood, most of this cartilage is replaced by bone in a process called ossification (ahs uh fih KAY shun). In a process called ossification minerals, such as calcium and phosphorus, are deposited within the cartilage, making it hard.

Structure of Bones Bone consists of two different types of tissue—compact bone and spongy bone. Another type of tissue called marrow fills the spaces in bones. *There are two types of marrow—red and yellow. Red Makes Red Blood Cells Yellow stores fat cells Yellow Marrow is mostly fat cells Red Marrow makes red blood cells

Eating Well Adequate intake of calcium and phosphorus will help your bones grow to their maximum size and strength. *Osteoporosis is a condition in which the bones become weak and break easily.

Calcium RDA Exercising (Recommended Daily Amount) *Another way to build strong bones and prevent osteoporosis is to get plenty of weight-bearing exercise. *Activities in which the bones support the entire weight of your body help your bones grow strong and dense.

Medical Conditions of the Spine *Scoliosis (skoh lee OH sis), an abnormal curvature of the spine. *Lordosis, an abnormal arch in the lower back (lumbar) i.e. Swayback *Kyphosis, a posture problem characterized by rounded shoulders and sunken chest

The Skeletal System Skull 1) Sternum (breastbone) 9 1) Sternum (breastbone) 10 1 2) Vertebral column (backbone) 11 12 3) Carpals 12) Ribs 2 13 4) Metacarpals 13) Radius 15 14 5) Phalanges 14) Ulna 3 4 6) Tarsals 15) Pelvic girdle 5 16 7) Metatarsals 16) Femur 8) Phalanges 17) Patella 17 18 9) Clavicle (collarbone) 18) Fibula 19 10) Scapula (shoulder blade) 19) Tibia 6 7 11) Humerus 8